10 JUNE 1953 - BATTLE OF OUTPOST HARRY BEGINS #KoreanWar
The Battle of Outpost Harry was one of the last engagements of the Korean War. Outpost Harry was a small artillery observation post, located at the top of a hill in the vital ‘Iron Triangle’.
The post was protected by the 3rd Infantry Division and elements from the Greek Expeditionary Forces. Harry was one of the UN's most important observation posts in the area, as it allowed the UN forces to view and call accurate artillery strikes against the Chinese Army.
To capture Harry, the Chinese planned to soften the defenses covering the approach to the summit of the hill with artillery. The Americans used a series of interlocking fields of fire, pre-arranged artillery, barbed wire, and mines to cover the perimeter of their outpost.
After the battle started, it quickly developed into a rhythmic sequence in which both sides would mutually bombard each other during the day, while the Chinese would launch additional infantry attacks during the nighttime hours.
Beginning with a company, the Chinese added two battalions and penetrated the position. Counterattack was followed by counterattack with the U.S. forces emerging on top in the morning. The enemy came back with an estimated regiment that night and the pattern was repeated.
There was a small-scale probe on 14 June and then a two battalion assault on 18 June, but the end result was the same. The 3d Dvn estimated that the Communists had over 4,200 casualties during the nine-day period. The UN casualties amounted to 699 killed, wounded, or missing.
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PRIDE MONTH SOLDIER PROFILE – MAJOR GENERAL TAMMY SMITH, FIRST OPENLY GAY GENERAL IN THE U.S. MILITARY
Gen. Smith entered the Army with ordinary aspirations; as a first-generation college student, the U of Oregon’s ROTC program presented a path to a college education.
Upon graduating in 1986, Gen. Smith was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant; although most of her class shipped off to Germany, Gen. Smith was posted in Panama as a platoon leader in a sustainment brigade.
As Gen. Smith rose up the ranks, she never expected to become a general officer. Her desire was to excel in roles she enjoyed, and her eclectic career path reflects that drive towards personal fulfillment.
12 JUNE 1948 - WOMEN'S ARMED SERVICES INTEGRATION ACT
Like its counterparts in the other services, the Women's Army Corps (WAC) had been intended to exist only until six months after the end of World War II.
Efforts to keep the separate female corps in the services during peace time resulted in passage of the Women’s Armed Services Integration Act, which was signed into law by President Harry S. Truman on 12 June 1948.
Although women served with the Army since the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) in 1942, and the Women's Army Corps (WAC) in 1943, it was not permanent. When President Truman signed the 1948 legislation, the WAC became a permanent corps of the Regular Army and Army Reserve.
SOLDIER PROFILE – LIEUTENANT FREDERICK GOTTHOLD ENSLIN
HERITAGE AND PRIDE MONTH
The fraught history of the U.S. Army’s relationship with its gay, lesbian, and bisexual soldiers began 10 March 1778, at the Continental Army’s winter quarters at Valley Forge.
On that day, Lt. Frederick Gotthold Enslin was court-martialed for crimes related to homosexuality, the first recorded incident of an American soldier facing such charges. A German by birth, Lt. Enslin arrived in Philadelphia in 1774, seeking a new life in the New World.
A bachelor in his early 30’s, Lt. Enslin joined the Continentals in March 1777 as an officer in Col. William Malcolm’s Regt. Though the details of Lt. Enslin’s life are scant, the precise writing on his enlistment papers shows that he was educated and could write in English.
PRIDE MONTH ARMY HISTORY – THE REPEAL OF DON’T ASK, DON’T TELL (DADT) The end of the Army’s centuries-long history of discrimination against gay, lesbian, and bisexual soldiers actually began with the implementation of DADT in 1993.
Meant as a temporary compromise between an absolute ban and wholly open service, DADT was by design meant to be slowly superseded by more inclusive policies in the future. This process was accelerated with President Obama’s State of the Union Address in January 2010.
The President’s call for outright repeal forced the Joint Chiefs to “get their act together,” and prepare to end DADT, according to Army Chief of Staff Gen. Casey. The DoD commissioned a series of studies and surveys to examine the potential impact of DADT repeal.
2 JUNE 1784 - THE CONTINENTAL ARMY IS DISBANDED & THE AMERICAN REGIMENT AUTHORIZED
With the Revolutionary War won, the Continental Army - which had first been authorized on 14 June 1775 - was no longer needed to secure the new nation's independence.
Congress disbanded the Continental Army on 2 June 1784 when it ordered the discharge of "the several officers and soldiers now in the service of the United States, except 25 privates to guard the stores at Fort Pitt, and 55 to guard the stores at West Point and other magazines."
The next day, 3 June, however, the Congress resolved "a body of troops to consist of seven hundred non-commissioned officers and privates, properly officered, are immediately and indispensably necessary for securing and protecting the northwestern frontiers of the United States"
9 JAN 1945 -INVASION OF LUZON #WWII
In keeping with Gen Douglas MacArthur's plan to liberate the Philippines, the U.S. Sixth Army, under the command of LT Gen Walter Krueger, made a massive amphibious assault on the shores of Lingayen Gulf on the island of Luzon on 9 January 1945
The Japanese commander, General Tomoyuki Yamashita, chose to pin American forces down to delay the relentless Allied advance to Japan by retreating into mountain strongholds to conduct a protracted battle, and had not intended to defend the Central Plains-Manila Bay area.
As the powerful U.S. main force drove down the central valley from Lingayen Gulf, a second amphibious force landed southwest of Manila on 15 Jan and advanced on the city. By 3 Feb the city was encircled by U.S. and Filipino troops.