Thyborg Profile picture
Jun 13 18 tweets 32 min read
#Terra's meltdown led many native protocols to look outward to the #Cosmos & realise the benefits of joining an ecosystem of fully interoperable & scalable app-chains

One such project is @mars_protocol and in today’s thread I’m running it through the usual quality checklist 🧵
@mars_protocol If you're unfamiliar with my investment framework, you may want to have a look at this thread first
@mars_protocol The first criteria is the total addressable market (TAM) which represents the revenue opportunity available to the protocol

Mars is a lending & borrowing (also called credit or money-market) protocol

On Ethereum, the top 10 actors in the category capture a TVL close to $15 bn
@mars_protocol Ethereum itself currently has a TVL of $60 bn, meaning money-markets represents about 25% of that

Cosmos has a TVL close to $8 bn and the biggest IBC-connected lending protocol is @hard_protocol on the @kava_platform with $110 M - per @DefiLlama analytics - or around 1.5%
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama While competing protocols like @Umee_CrossChain are also gearing up for launch, a new Cosmos money-market should experience significant TVL growth within a relatively short amount of time

Especially considering the bright Cosmos outlook this year
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain Looking at Mars's solution to capture market shares, we see a non-custodial, open-source, transparent, algorithmic & community-governed credit protocol.

That in itself is very similar to existing & upcoming solutions on Cosmos or elsewhere:
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain The Contract-to-Borrower (C2B) model is used by most DeFi lending and borrowing platforms: users provide collateral to the protocol in order to borrow funds, and the borrowed funds can be used elsewhere for anything they want
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain Mars stands out because of the Contract-to-Contract borrowing (C2C) model: instead of requiring separate collateral deposits to enable borrowing, Mars is enabling other protocols to allow their contracts to be used as collateral in exchange for a credit line
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain In essence, users can borrow funds without depositing collateral, provided the funds are being used by a pre-approved smart contract

An obvious first use case is an integration with #Osmosis, where existing LP tokens on @osmosiszone would serve as collateral
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone This is more capital-efficient than over-collateralised lending & enables a large number of leveraged yield farming strategies

The mechanics are out-of the scope of this thread, but you may a look at these screenshots from @danku_r Mars video to get a sense of the possibilities
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r Within Cosmos, Mars is planning to adopt a fragmented architecture by porting and deploying its contracts to multiple chains: it will initially exist on Osmosis but then deploy to other chains that will integrate with a future Mars hub app chain
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r The specifics of @larry0x's suggested design will also require a separate thread but you can read his Mars forum post below

As it stands, this is the most ambitious use of the IBC protocol that I'm personally aware of
forum.marsprotocol.io/t/an-overview-…
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r @larry0x Mars is a product of @Delphi_Digital, specifically the "Delphi Lab" division, which is focused on incubating dApps

The website mentions a team of 20+ experts, including economists, quants, devs, lawyers & UX experts

Terra's DEX @astroport_fi is another product of Delphi Lab
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r @larry0x @Delphi_Digital @astroport_fi My understanding is that most of Delphi devs are anonymous

The management team, however, is well-known in the Terra community and I expect they'll start interacting with more Cosmos people going forward
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r @larry0x @Delphi_Digital @astroport_fi In fact @larry0x & @ZeMariaMacedo were already interviewed by @chjango on the Osmosis channel


In a preemptive update, I've added José & Larry to my list of popular Cosmos Twitter accounts below
datastudio.google.com/s/o8T0OBXkfTs
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r @larry0x @Delphi_Digital @astroport_fi @ZeMariaMacedo @chjango Mars is an "unincorporated joint venture" funded by a LUNA & UST grant from Terraform Labs

Apparently, there was no capital-raising aside from the TFL grant, meaning Mars has no VC investors
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r @larry0x @Delphi_Digital @astroport_fi @ZeMariaMacedo @chjango That's an interesting legal set up which I'm planning to look into in a subsequent thread, likely along $MARS tokenomics & distribution

For now, Mars officially becomes the fourth protocol listed on my Cosmos report below datastudio.google.com/s/pjPq_LgWRXA
@mars_protocol @hard_protocol @kava_platform @DefiLlama @Umee_CrossChain @osmosiszone @danku_r @larry0x @Delphi_Digital @astroport_fi @ZeMariaMacedo @chjango Since I'm covering the whole Cosmos ecosystem through educative & digestible threads on governance proposals, airdrops, tokens, teams & projects, you might consider retweeting the thread below & giving me a follow @Thyborg_ ✌️

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More from @Thyborg_

Jun 14
We're starting a community effort to build an strong unbiased ranking of active Cosmos validators based on a set of agreed-upon quantitative & qualitative criteria

A statement of purpose and an invitation for all community validators to join the effort 🧵
In Cosmos and other PoW blockchains, validators play the critical role of signing transactions and securing the network

However, a major issue all networks currently have to deal with is a massive concentration of economic and voting power in their validator set
In most Tendermint chains, a small group of validators hold a very significant portion of the supply

The Cosmos Hub is one of the most decentralised chains of the network, yet 15 entities hold over 51% of the total voting power Image
Read 33 tweets
Jun 9
Back in April, @axelarcore rather quietly won the great Osmosis bridge-off to become the canonical provider for non-IBC assets

As they are getting closer to their token launch, I ran the project through a quality checklist to see where it stands 🧵
@axelarcore If you're unfamiliar with my investment framework, you may want to have a look at this thread first
@axelarcore The first criteria is the total addressable market (TAM) which represents the revenue opportunity available to the protocol

Axelar's TAM starts with token transfers between blockchains, which has become an indispensable need for most DeFi users
Read 14 tweets
Jun 6
The $LUNA crash was particularly hard on #LUNAtics because many had most of their net worth on #Terra

It was also felt across the #Cosmos because $UST was a base pair on Osmosis, Sifchain & Crescent pools

A quick primer on Modern Portfolio Theory in that context 🧵
That thread was actually inspired by that honest & candid post by @larry0x, which I then saw echoed by many other smart people in the Terra community
@larry0x Modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a theory on how investors can construct portfolios to maximise expected return based on a given level of market risk

It involves several useful concepts which I'll do my best to explain here without using the underlying mathematical model
Read 13 tweets
May 31
Unlike most (if not all) other L1s, #Cosmos doesn't have a core team ; yet over the last year, the ecosystem managed to ship ground-breaking tech after ground-breaking tech at a stunning pace. This is what decentralised software development looks like in the Cosmos 🧵
@interchain_io is a minimalistic (less than 10 persons total) Swiss foundation whose primary role is to provide funding to the Core contributors

The Foundation holds the trademark for "Cosmos", "Interchain" and a couple of terms

Key people include @billyrennekamp & @crainbf
@interchain_io @billyrennekamp @crainbf @informalinc has a team of 50 engineers working on Cosmos core features, in particular IBC & Tendermint, and is leading the charge on Interchain security

Key people include @buchmanster, @ArianneFlemming, @zarinjo & @JTremback
Read 12 tweets
May 30
This is round 5 of weekly Cosmos alpha: the news, rumours & upcoming events that have the potential to move the price of specific Cosmos coins in the short to medium term, and for which forward-looking investors might want to prepare in advance 🧵
Keep in mind that all of the information in this thread is pure speculation and definitely not financial advice

For an explanation of my general investment framework, check out
With that out-the-way, @kava_platform deployed its EVM-compatible co-chain last week, and now expecting 35 protocols to deploy shortly.

It wouldn't surprise me if generous rewards on wKava lead to some positive price performance

And maybe some airdrops for $KAVA stakers
Read 8 tweets
May 29
Three major considerations for successful crypto trading:
- assessment of the protocol
- assessment of the token
- timing of the purchase

A thorough explanation on my investment framework, applied to Cosmos tokens 🧵
The purpose of this thread is to explain the methodology I use to rank Cosmos protocols & tokens in the following document
datastudio.google.com/s/r3dNrJ6GmmI
Let's get the timing out-of-the-way first: in the context of investing, it means the decision of when to purchase or sell a particular asset

That decision must factor in the macro-economic situation, the roadmap, the upcoming milestones etc.
Read 19 tweets

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