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Lea Alhilali, MD

@teachplaygrub

Jun 14, 2022 • 10 tweets • 6 min read • Read on X

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1/Like a bad piano player in a run down bar--I take requests! By popular demand, a🧵on how I make those illustrations for my #tweetorials--all in #PowerPoint!
This one shows how to create shadow & highlights to give a 3D effect
#medtwitter #MedEd #FOAMed #powerpointpresentation

2/Let's use this french fry illustration I used for my varices🧵
I use the curve function to create shapes. It has the most control for drawing--the freeform function causes uneven lines.
After drawing the shape, I use the shape fill function to fill it in it w/the color I need

3/ 3D effects begin w/the gradient fill. I use the gradient fill that powerpoint offers for my selected color--it knows how to chose them so that the gradient is smooth

4/ Now to get more advanced w/focal shadows. Using the curve function, I draw shapes where I want shadows. Then I fill these in using the eyedropper function on the Shape Fill menu. I touch the eyedropper to the darkest part of the gradient to fill them in w/a nice dark shadow.

5/ Now these shapes need to be blurred so they look more like shadows. I select them and go to the "Shape Effects" menu & select "Soft Edges." I⬆️the size of the soft edge until they look like good shadows. It is different for every shape, but usually you need at least 5 point

6/Now for highlights. I use the curve function to draw shapes where I want highlights. Similar to shadows, I use the eyedropper function to fill in the shapes--but instead of putting the eyedropper on the darkest part of the gradient, I put it in the lightest part of the gradient

7/However, for highlights, the lightest part of the gradient isn't light enough. So I select the shape, go to shape fill color & select "More colors." This brings up a box where you can lighten the shade of that color--the same way light would lighten it if it was shining on it.

8/Now it is time to blur these highlights the same way we blurred the shadows--using the soft edges function, increasing the soft edge until you get desired look of your highlight.

9/Now we add details. First, I drew the McDonalds logo using the curve function. Then I used the curve function to draw a single fry. I took that fry & copied & pasted it over &over again--each time rotating it & stretching it to make it look like there were many different fries

@teachplaygrub

10/Voila! That is how you make a very professional illustration using only PPT & in only a few easy steps! Excited to see what you will create w/these new skills!
I post more of my tips for creating these illustrations in PPT--so if interested click to follow me @teachplaygrub

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More from @teachplaygrub

Lea Alhilali, MD

@teachplaygrub

Feb 21

1/They say form follows function!

Brain MRI anatomy is best understood in terms of both form & function.

Here’s a thread to help you to remember important functional brain anatomy!

2/Let’s start at the top.

At the vertex is the superior frontal gyrus.

This is easy to remember, bc it’s at the top—and being at the top is superior. It’s like the superior king at the top of the vertex.

3/It is also easy to recognize on imaging.

It looks like a big thumb pointing straight up out of the brain

I always look for that thumbs up when I am looking for the superior frontal gyrus (SFG)

Read 11 tweets

Lea Alhilali, MD

@teachplaygrub

Feb 14

1/”I LOVE spinal cord syndromes!” is a phrase that has NEVER, EVER been said by anyone.

Do you become paralyzed when you see cord signal abnormality?

Never fear—here is a thread on all the incomplete spinal cord syndromes to get you moving again!

2/Spinal cord anatomy can be complex.

On imaging, we can see the ant & post nerve roots. We can also see the gray & white matter

Hidden w/in the white matter, however, are numerous efferent & afferent tracts—enough to make your head spin.

3/Lucky for you, for the incomplete cord syndromes, all you need to know is gray matter & 3 main tracts

Anterolaterally, spinothalamic tract (pain & temp)

Posteriorly, dorsal columns (vibration, proprioception, & light touch), & next to it, corticospinal tracts—providing motor

Read 20 tweets

Lea Alhilali, MD

@teachplaygrub

Feb 9

1/To be or not 2b?? That is the question!

Do you have questions about how to remember cervical lymph node anatomy & levels?

Here’s a SUPERBOWL thread to show you how!

2/Google cervical lymph node anatomy & you always get this anatomic picture w/the head flung back like a model posing.

But unless you live in LA, your patients don’t look like this & understanding anatomy from this image is difficult

3/First, you need to know how lymph node drainage works in the neck

Nodes drain like rivers—smaller streams drain into larger rivers

In the neck, there are outer circle nodes (peripheral) & inner circle nodes—both drain into the large river of the deep cervical nodes

Read 17 tweets

Lea Alhilali, MD

@teachplaygrub

Jan 31

1/Can’t remember what to look for on scans for memory loss?

New Alzheimer’s treatments are changing these scans!

Read on for the latest @theAJNR SCANtastic on imaging in AD:

… ajnr.org/content/early/

2/Current hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is that accumulation of amyloid beta (AB) protein result sin inflammation & neuronal death

Thus, new treatments in AD are focused on anti-AB antibodies that remove this protein in AD patients.

3/However, AB protein is also deposited in vessel walls in AD pts—just like in cerebral amyloid
angiopathy

So removing it from vessel walls increases vascular permeability, leading to edema & hemorrhage

Think of it like how a baby gets mad when you take its candy away!

Read 15 tweets

Lea Alhilali, MD

@teachplaygrub

Jan 31

1/Can’t remember what to look for on scans for memory loss?

New Alzheimer’s treatments are changing the way we look at these scans!

Read on to get up to date w/the latest @theAJNR SCANtastic on imaging for Alzheimer’s Disease:

ajnr.org/content/early/…

@TheAJNR 2/Current hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is that accumulation of amyloid beta (AB) protein result sin inflammation & neuronal death

Thus, new treatments in AD are focused on anti-AB antibodies that remove this protein in AD patients.

@TheAJNR 3/However, AB protein is also deposited in vessel walls in AD pts—just like in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

So removing it from vessel walls increases vascular permeability, leading to edema & hemorrhage

Think of it like how a baby gets mad when you take its candy away!

Read 15 tweets

Lea Alhilali, MD

@teachplaygrub

Dec 23, 2024

1/Does trying to figure out cochlear anatomy cause your head to spiral?

Hungry for some help?

Here’s a thread to help you untwist cochlear CT anatomy w/food analogies!

2/On axial temporal bone CT, you cannot see the whole cochlea at once. So let’s start at the bottom.

The first thing you come to is the basal turn of the cochlea (makes sense, basal=bottom). On axial images, it looks like a banana. I remember both Basal and Banana start w/B.

3/As you move up to the next slice, you start to see the upper turns of the cochlea coming in above the basal turn. They look like a stack of pancakes.

Pancakes are the heart of any breakfast, so they are at the heart or middle of the cochlea on imaging.

Read 9 tweets

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