2/ If replacing M/PUFA with SFA but keeping all else equal (including -- importantly -- carbs) for this exact context, this might have a marginal impact on TC/LDL/HDL. But would it command a higher magnitude of increase? I'd be doubtful...
However, if replacing carbs with fat...
3/ ... Thus going lower carb, we get closer to the model around LEM and its explanation regarding TC/LDL-C/HDL-C changes toward the outcome magnitude of the LMHR phenotype.
Hence the value of looking to RER for this experiment to confirm/disconfirm fat-adaptation.
4/ Again, can't thank @DrNadolsky enough for taking on this experiment.
We have a super solid starting line in the CardioChek readings above. If he manages to show SFA-centric achievement to the LMHR with above the mid RER, it's going to be big! 👏👏👏
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1/5 This is BIG & I've really been looking forward to it. @DrNadolsky will be looking to see if he can reach a #LMHR phenotype while not being low carb or keto (or at a minimum, increase LDL-C to 200)
In short, can high consumption of saturated fat w/o being fat-adapted = #LMHR?
3/5 But more importantly, this gets to a very common assumption regarding #LMHRs -- that their phenotype can be mostly explained by higher consumption of saturated fat.
3/ To be sure, I'd echo @NutritionMadeS3's qualifier in the video that this is expected at a population level. So the exceptions don't prove the rule (in either direction).
Hence the enormous importance of studying those with extremely high LDL/ApoB at a population level...
1/ I'd love to take an opportunity to expand on this important topic, and if I may, suggest something important to watch for with some newly emerging data.
Design a VLC diet that is low in fiber with the goal toward reaching a low respiratory exchange ratio on a cohort of lean, fit athletes (but no other exercise confounding like resistance training or diet confounding like meds/sups, etc).
Full disclosure - @DrNadolsky and I took to some of this discussion via direct texting. However, it did lead me to a good question that I decided to turn into a poll out of curiosity...
1/2 Another great prop bet @DrNadolsky and I were discussing:
He proposed he could emulate the #LMHR phenotype by consuming a lot of butter and coconut oil while not keto and fat-adapted (thus, high RER). I'd predict the opposite.
1/ Two weeks ago we released our paper on the #LipidEnergyModel (#LEM) along with our video abstract for it. I'm pleased to say it has led to many great connections and expanded discussion.
I'm going to recap on a lot of these in this thread. 🧵 ...
2/ First and foremost, thanks to everyone for their extraordinary support in retweeting our announcement, sharing our paper, and letting researchers know of this model.
3/ As we state many times (including within the video abstract), this model doesn't describe all possible influences on cholesterol levels. For example, other things can impact LDL-C such as M/PUFA-to-saturated fat composition, fiber, genetics, medication, etc.