Our new paper ‘Quantifying exposure of #bumblebee (Bombus spp.) queens to #pesticide residues when hibernating in agricultural soils’ is out in Environmental Pollution! 👉doi.org/10.1016/j.envp… #Pollinators #OpenAccess @ELSenviron @NigelERaine @McArtLab 🐝👑🧵(1/5) 
(2/5) Many bumble🐝 species hibernate underground, where they can be exposed to soil contaminants. To quantify #exposure to #pesticide residues for these 👑, we sampled soils from suitable likely hibernation sites on🍎and diversified farms in Ontario 🇨🇦 during fall🍂
(3/5) We found that bumble🐝👑 are very likely to be exposed to complex #mixtures of multiple insecticides, herbicides & fungicides in agricultural soils (including high levels of cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, & boscalid‼️). 53 active ingredients were detected.
(4/5) Up to 29 #pesticides were found per soil sample, suggesting risk of synergistic effects. Overall, the % of detection, residue levels, and number of pesticides per sample were highest for 🍎orchard soils compared to soils from diversified farms.
(5/5) Further #research is underway to test the potential effects of exposure to such pesticide residues (including mixtures) in soil on bumble🐝👑 hibernation success and nest founding abilities.
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