2/On axial temporal bone CT, you cannot see the whole cochlea at once. So let’s start at the bottom. The first thing you come to is the basal turn of the cochlea (makes sense, basal=bottom). On axial images, it looks like a banana. I remember both Basal and Banana start w/B.
3/As you move up to the next slice, you start to see the upper turns of the cochlea coming in above the basal turn. They look like a stack of pancakes. Pancakes are the heart of any breakfast, so they are at the heart or middle of the cochlea on imaging.
4/On this slice showing pancakes, you can see the round window and the round window niche. I remember that this slice is where you can see the round window bc pancakes are ROUND.
5/As you move up, you leave the basal turn behind & see only the upper turns. These no longer look like pancakes bc cochlear scala separate them. Instead they look like a bunch of cherries. I know I’m at the cochlea top when I see cherries bc you always put a cherry on top!
6/Here’s an easy way to remember the order of the appearance of the cochlea. Starting at the basal turn, B is for banana & basal. Bananas can make banana pancakes, so the next slice is pancakes. Finally, you put a cherry on top of the pancakes, so top of the cochlea is cherries.
7/On the coronal plane, you get a sense of the spiral nature of the cochlea. It looks like the spiral of a snail’s shell.
8/Looking closely, you can see eyes of the snail on coronal images.Eyes are right in front of the cochlear snail shell—canal of labyrinthine facial nerve segment going anterior & canal of the tympanic segment coming back. Makes sense that the FACIAL nerve canal would be the EYES
9/So now you know the anatomy of the cochlea, so it won’t just look like the layered rolls of Jabba the Hutt to you. May the force of this knowledge be with you!
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1/Do radiologists sound like they are speaking a different language when they talk about MRI?
T1 shortening what? T2 prolongation who?
Here’s a translation w/an introductory thread to MRI.
2/Let’s start w/T1—it is #1 after all! T1 is for anatomy
Since it’s anatomic, brain structures will reflect the same color as real life
So gray matter is gray on T1 & white matter is white on T1
So if you see an image where gray is gray & white is white—you know it’s a T1
3/T1 is also for contrast
Contrast material helps us to see masses
Contrast can’t get into normal brain & spine bc of the blood brain barrier—but masses don’t have a blood brain barrier, so when you give contrast, masses will take it up & light up, making them easier to see.
1/Does your ability to remember temporal lobe anatomy seem, well, temporary?
Or are you feeling temporally challenged when it comes to this complex region?
Here’s a thread to help you remember the structures of the temporal lobe!
2/Temporal lobe can be divided centrally & peripherally.
Centrally is the hippocampus.
It’s a very old part of the brain & is relatively well preserved going all the way back to rats.
Its main function is memory—getting both rats & us through mazes—including the maze of life
3/Peripherally is the neocortex.
Although rats also have neocortex, theirs is much different structurally than humans.
So I like to think of neocortex as providing the newer (neo) functions of the temporal lobes seen in humans: speech, language, visual processing/social cues
@TheAJNR 2/Perfusion imaging is based on one principle: When you inject CT or MR intravenous contrast, the contrast flows w/blood & so contrast can be a surrogate marker for blood.
This is key, b/c we can track contrast—it changes CT density or MR signal so we can see where it goes.
@TheAJNR 3/So if we can track how contrast gets to the tissue (by changes in CT density or MR signal), then we can approximate how BLOOD is getting to the tissue.
And how much blood is getting to the tissue is what perfusion imaging is all about.