Zack Labe Profile picture
Sep 18, 2022 19 tweets 12 min read Read on X
Looking for polar climate visualizations? Start here: 📈📉

+ Arctic sea-ice extent: zacklabe.com/arctic-sea-ice…
+ Arctic sea-ice thickness/volume: zacklabe.com/arctic-sea-ice…
+ Arctic temperatures: zacklabe.com/arctic-tempera…
+ Antarctic sea ice: zacklabe.com/antarctic-sea-…
You can also find...
+ Global sea ice: zacklabe.com/global-sea-ice…
+ Archives of Arctic climate rankings (2012-2022): zacklabe.com/archive-2022/

+ Long-term climate change: zacklabe.com/arctic-sea-ice…
+ Arctic climate model projections compared to observations: zacklabe.com/climate-model-…
To improve transparency of climate data and processing methods, check out my...

+ References for the raw climate data (all free): zacklabe.com/resources-and-…

+ #Python, visualization tools, and other software (all open source and free): zacklabe.com/methods-and-op…
Other common FAQ (like on anomalies, baselines, internal variability) can be found at zacklabe.com/frequently-ask….

I also feature a monthly #dataviz blog at zacklabe.com/climate-viz-of….

I will use this thread to provides updates on future website additions. Thanks for following! 🙂
(Yes, you are welcome to share any of the graphics.)

(You can click on each visualization to enlarge and/or download a higher resolution copy.)
I've added a new sea ice reconstruction to my polar climate change visuals page: zacklabe.com/arctic-sea-ice…. This reconstruction is from @kbrenWx et al. (2020, agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/20…) over the period of 1850 to 2018 (annual mean data). Once again, the trend is clear. Line graph time series of r...
I've added a list to some of my favorite (free) sources for weather forecast models and specialized analysis: zacklabe.com/resources-and-…
I've created a new visualization to better compare the dramatic losses of #Arctic sea ice volume at the annual minimum and annual maximum times of year. I'll update this seasonally at: zacklabe.com/arctic-sea-ice…. Two line graphs side-by-sid...
I've added a new page on my website to help organize the visualizations for tracking various climate change indicators. Some of these figures will be updated monthly (or annually). Again, you can click on each graphic to enlarge/download.

Follow along at zacklabe.com/climate-change…
I've added two new visualizations to my climate change indicators page: zacklabe.com/climate-change…

📈 ocean heat content (will be updated annual)
📈 sea level rise anomalies (updated as available) Line graph time series of c...Line graph time series of g...
And now here is an additional view of upper ocean heat content changes since 1955: zacklabe.com/climate-change… Line graph time series of c...
I love looking at vertical cross-sections of climate variables (yes, I probably should get out more). So I decided to add annual trends in zonal-mean temperature and zonal winds to my indicators page: zacklabe.com/climate-change…. Data is from ERA5 in both visuals for 1979-2021. Graphic showing a vertical ...Graphic showing a vertical ...
And here are the corresponding trends in annual mean geopotential heights - will be updated yearly at zacklabe.com/climate-change…. This is consistent with a warming troposphere and cooling stratosphere. Graphic showing a vertical ...
Here's a new page to highlight visualizations of climate seasonality & variability, especially in the #Arctic. This is meant to show our mean climate state and does not focus on recent trends or anomalies. More to come here (e.g., polar vortex, jet)!

➡️ zacklabe.com/arctic-climate…
Like I've said before, I think it's very important to stress that land temperatures are warming significantly faster than the global average. So, I decided to create a visualization to track this relative to pre-industrial levels.

Follow along monthly at zacklabe.com/climate-change…. Line graph time series show...
Here's a new climate change indicator showing the cumulative loss of mass for reference glaciers around the world for every year from 1950 to 2021...

Now updated annually at zacklabe.com/climate-change…. Line graph time series of c...
I've added a longer perspective for carbon dioxide (CO₂) on my climate change indicators page - data from 1600 to 2021...

+ I'll update this each year at zacklabe.com/climate-change…. Line graph time series show...
Here's a new climate change indicator plot showing the trend in yearly temperatures over land areas for the last several decades...

+ This graphic will be updated annually at zacklabe.com/climate-change… Global map showing surface ...

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More from @ZLabe

Jan 27, 2022
🧵 While extreme events receive a lot of the attention in the #Arctic, it's more the long-term trends that are transforming this part of the world. Interannual variability (e.g., weather) is also large, which is why not every year is a new record. Here are those January trends:
Nearly all areas of the #Arctic have observed thinning ice over the last four decades. Trends in January are largest in the vicinity of the East Siberian Sea and north of Greenland.

[Data simulated from PIOMAS. For more info: doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D…] Polar stereographic map of Arctic sea ice thickness trends f
In contrast, sea ice concentration trends in January are only confined to the outer edges of the #Arctic Ocean, such as the Barents-Kara Seas and Sea of Okhotsk.

[Sea ice concentration = fraction of ice-cover. For more info: doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D…] Polar stereographic map showing Arctic sea ice concentration
Read 6 tweets
Dec 14, 2021
The annual @NOAA Arctic Report Card is available today for 2021. It discusses recent changes in the #Arctic, extreme events, and broader human/environmental impacts.

+ Report: arctic.noaa.gov/Report-Card/Re…
+ Video:
+ Highlights: arctic.noaa.gov/Report-Card Infographic showing a visual of the highlights in the 2021 A
@NOAA @NOAAResearch @NOAANCEI I am happy again to have played a small role in this year's report - see our section on Arctic sea surface temperatures: arctic.noaa.gov/Report-Card/Re…

Also check out the fantastic collection of visuals by @NOAAClimate at climate.gov/news-features/… Map and line graph showing Arctic warming since the mid 1960
@NOAA @NOAAResearch @NOAANCEI @NOAAClimate @CSUAtmosSci "The Arctic story is a human story, and we all have a role to play in creating the best possible outcomes for the region, its residents, and all the citizens of the globe who depend on the Arctic as a critical component of our Earth system." ---> arctic.noaa.gov/Report-Card/Re…
Read 6 tweets
Jun 5, 2021
This is really quite striking... Line graph time series of daily Arctic sea ice extent in 202
Melt ponds are visible on satellite (blue shading) across much of the landfast sea ice along Siberia; e.g., in this image above the Lena River Delta.

[Satellite from 6 June 2021 using Sentinel-2; apps.sentinel-hub.com/sentinel-playg…] Satellite image of landfast ice above the Lena River Delta u
Last month observed temperatures more than 5°C above average across almost the entire Siberian #Arctic... 🔥

[Data from @CopernicusECMWF ERA5] Polar stereographic map of 2-m air temperature anomalies in
Read 5 tweets
May 30, 2021
More reading! A thread of peer-reviewed studies evaluating projections of 21st century Arctic sea-ice extent/area/thickness (seasonally ‘ice-free’)... 🧊📉

I am sure I missed a few, so feel free to add.

Note – I am not making any predictions from this thread 😅 Visualization showing monthly Arctic sea ice conditions at d
+ (02 – HadCM3 area/volume) doi.org/10.1029/2001GL…
+ (04 – ECHAM4/HadCM3 extent) doi.org/10.3402/tellus…
+ (05 – perspective) doi.org/10.1029/2005EO…
+ (06 – CMIP3 area) doi.org/10.1175/JCLI37…
+ (06 – CCSM3 extent) doi.org/10.1029/2006GL…
+ (07 – CMIP3 regional extent) doi.org/10.1029/2007GL…
+ (07 – CMIP3 extent) doi.org/10.1029/2007GL…
+ (09 – Constraining CMIP3 extent) doi.org/10.1029/2009GL…
+ (09 – Reducing spread CMIP3 extent) nature.com/articles/ngeo4…
+ (11 – CCSM4 extent) doi.org/10.1029/2011GL…
Read 9 tweets
Mar 27, 2021
Over the last 5 years, there have been plenty of extreme weather/climate events in the #Arctic. While the scientific process takes time, there are now lots of studies investigating these cases. Please add to this thread with other peer-reviewed studies on recent Arctic extremes!
*Overall trends/extremes/reviews*

+ Warming warming events: agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.10…
+ Poleward moisture transport: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.100…
+ Arctic cyclones: doi.org/10.1017/aog.20…
+ Arctic sea ice: iopscience.iop.org/article/10.108…
+ “New Arctic”: nature.com/articles/s4155…
+ 2015 Alaskan wildfires: journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/…
+ 2015 Greenland melt: nature.com/articles/ncomm…
+ Winter 2015 cyclones: nature.com/articles/s4159…
+ Arctic 2015 extremes: agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.10…
+ December 2015 warm air event: agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/20…
Read 9 tweets
Jan 8, 2020
🚨 2019 was the 2nd warmest year on record - @CopernicusECMWF analysis. An excellent summary is provided at climate.copernicus.eu/copernicus-201…

While 2019 rankings between various data sets may differ slightly (e.g., 2 or 3), the long-term warming is undoubtedly clear... Line graph time series of running mean global temperatures for various data sets
🚨 Last year's #Arctic sea ice extent averaged the *2nd lowest* on record. Sea ice is declining in all months of the year (iopscience.iop.org/article/10.108…).

Check out @NSIDC's annual/decade summary: nsidc.org/arcticseaicene…
🚨 #Arctic sea ice volume in 2019 also averaged the *2nd lowest* on record (albeit close to the last few years).

Check out @PolarScience_UW's summary: psc.apl.uw.edu/research/proje… Line graph time series of annual mean Arctic sea ice volume from 1979 to 2019
Read 5 tweets

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