GemsOfINDOLOGY Profile picture
Oct 27, 2022 17 tweets 9 min read Read on X
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Kangra fort Is the oldest surviving fort of India. It has unsunug stories from Mahabharata to Alexander to British Raj to tell.

#Thread Image
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As per legends, Maharaja named Susharma Chandra, fighting for the Kauravas, was engaged to distract Krishna and Arjun by luring them away, to the other side of the chakravyuh. This maharaja belonged to Katoch Dynasty Image
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As per another legend, Katoch was born out of the first Sweat Drop fallen from Devi Ambika's brow which helped Devi fighting 'Raktbeej'
In return, the Goddess gifted him the kingdom of Trigarta, of which Kangra was a part. Image
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Once the Kauravas were defeated, the Maharaja is said to have left his seat in Multan and retreated to Kangra, where he took control of the kingdom of Trigarta and built the Kangra Fort to ward off his enemies. Image
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Porus aka Purushottam lived here to make Alexander tooth sour

Src Harvinder Chandigarh • CC BY-SA 4.0
hpkangra.nic.in/gallery/kangra… Image
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On the 23rd of the month of Kartik, Samvat 1839 (1782 AD), Raja Sansar Chand attacked Kangra Fort and defeated #Mughal (converted Mongolians) Governor, Saif Ali Khan as per Inscriptions in Takri and Persian.
clevelandart.org/art/2018.120
Image
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Inside fort devotees donation was stored in 21 4 meter deep wells.
As per Tarikh-i-Firishta, the fort’s wealth is described as “7,00,000 golden dinars; 700 maunds of gold and silver; 200 maunds gold in ingots; 2000 maunds of silver bullion and 20 maunds of various jewels”.
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It was Kangra's wealth that the invaders eyed for including Alexander, Ghazni
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Some intricate details on the walls of Kangra Fort testimoning it's richness

Photo: Rafal Cichawa / Alamy Stock Photo Image
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Some beautiful insights from Kangra fort ImageImageImage
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Deities in Kangra Fort ImageImageImageImage
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More Deities and Gods at Kangra Fort ImageImageImage
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Ruins of Kangra Fort ImageImageImageImage
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More pics for curious tweeples ImageImageImageImage
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Architecture
Kangra fort ImageImageImageImage
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When you go Kangra Mata Mandir next time do visit this least talked about most important Fort.
Please do share pictures, aI will retweet
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Sources
Google maps, wiki
cntraveller.in/story/mahabhar…

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More from @GemsOfINDOLOGY

Dec 19
Ashwamedha "अश्व मेध" to Ashwavadha "अश्व वध:" : a concocted Mughal journey.

Ashwamedha as Horse sacrifice was propagated by Moghuls as against popular belief that Britishers tempered it. Here are chronological archaeo and painting records proving ashwamedha was never to kill horse untill the Mughal courtiers interpolated it.

The study found that 27 kings from 18 dynasties had performed a total of 81 documented Ashwamedha Yagyas from the 1st century BCE to the 18th century CE.

Here we go. Retweet and bookmark this important debunking

#Archaeology

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Hindu ancient text emphasises the importance of Yagya and Nation building. Two of major text arer here

ऋग्वेदः - "अ॒ग्निमीळे॑ पुरोहितं॒ य॒ज्ञस्य॑ देवं॒ ऋत्विज॑म्। हो॒तारं॑ रत्नधात॒मम्॥" इति। अत्र अग्निः यज्ञे पुरोहितः (ऋत्विज्) भवति।
”agnim īḻe purohitaṃ yajñasya devam ṛtvijam | hotāraṃ ratnadhātamam ||” implies that the agni is the purohit (priest) in this sacred spiritual act (yagya)

शतपथब्राह्मणम् (१३.१.६) इत्यस्मिन् स्पष्टं वर्तते - "राष्ट्रं वा अश्वमेधः"। अत्र अश्वमेधयज्ञस्य वास्तविकं तात्पर्यम् देशस्य सुशासनं व्यवस्थापनं च इति, यत्र मानवसाधनं पर्यावरणं च सम्मिलितं भवतः।

Shatpath Brahman (13.1.6), it is stated that ”Rashtram va Ash­wamedha”, which implies the real meaning of Ashwamedha Yagya is to administer and manage the country efficiently, which not only involves human resources but also the ecosystem.

Note: No Horse "Sacrifice" Advised.

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Earliest inscriptional evidence about Aśvamedha is found in Naneghat dating 1st century bce

The dialipidiating inscriptions says, that The Aśvamedha yajña was performed for 3 years. Sātakarṇi performed this yajña twice, which implies that he had to establish his sovereignty twice. This suggests that his supremacy may have been challenged after the first Aśvamedha yajña. The second Aśvamedha yajña likely indicates his regaining of hegemony.

Sātakarṇi extended the Sātavāhana rule beyond the Deccan Region, and he was undoubtedly a great conqueror. In the inscription, he has been eulogized as 'Pṛṭhvyāḥ Prathama Vīra' or the foremost warrior of the earth.

The donations given during these yajñas included a horse with silver trappings and decorated with gold ornaments, 14,000 Kārṣapaṇas, and one cart with grains. Apart from these, a village was also donated—one of the first instances of the donation of a village to a beneficiary. This custom was continued by later Sātavāhana rulers and became common practice by the Gupta period.

The Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa mentions different types of Aśvamedha yajñas. Different varieties of animals—both wild and domesticated—were to be brought to the yajña vedi, and the wild animals were to be let go after the fire was taken around them.

Note : No horse sacrifice

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Read 24 tweets
Dec 3
"Connections Between Vedic and Sumerian Civilizations"

Meru and Sumeru might not be just mythological concepts; they could have coexisted with striking similarities.

Both cultures worshipped sun deities and had similar creation myths involving cosmic battles and detailed genealogies of gods. Linguistic parallels further support these connections.

Despite historical gaps, this analysis offers a glimpse into ancient cross-cultural influences, inviting us to consider how ideas traveled long before modern communication.

#Bookmark this #Thread of #Threads 📚

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***Language***

Sumerian and Sanskrit, though geographically distant, share intriguing similarities offering insights into early human civilization. Both are among the oldest written languages, with linguistic ties suggesting possible cultural exchange between their regions.

Sumerian and Sanskrit share complex inflectional systems for nouns, verbs, and sentences, suggesting common structural principles or ancient interactions. Lexical similarities also exist in areas like agriculture, family, nature, and religion.

Shail Vyas, Homi Bhabha Fellow, found more than 90 commonalities amont the name of musical instruments x.com/Ugra___/status…

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The Bakshali manuscript mentions Sumeru, which is intriguing given that the Sumerians became extinct 5,000 years ago. This suggests that either the Bakshali birch was conceived much earlier, or the Sumerians survived until the start of the Common Era. The former is more likely.

Interestingly, the Akkadians referred to the Indian region as "Meluha," a name that closely resembles "Meru." x.com/GemsOfINDOLOGY…

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Read 17 tweets
Nov 13
"Breast Cloth" and "Mulakkam" : a Breast tax or Adulthood tax

The projection as "Breast-Tax" is a recent twist.

No records in 300 years of history—discovery only 48 years ago.

#thread #bookmark

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Mentions of Breast-Tax in Chronology:

- 1972: Book by T.K. Ravi
- 1973: Book by T.K. Ravi
- 2000: Book by S.N. Sadesivan
- 2011: Book by A. Raju
- 2016: BBC
- 2017: Indiatimes, Scroll, The Hindu
- 2018: Deccan Chronicle, India Today, Movie by Pagare
- 2019: Books by Menon, Emmanuel T, Subhrashis, S. Pillai

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Surprising to see sudden spurt in a story being pushed as an EVIL collectively by several people. Books are being written on a fake story.

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Read 15 tweets
Nov 10
Boar: Reverence to Hunt

Boars embody incredible strength, courage, virility, and ferocity, making them formidable creatures both revered and feared across cultures.

Throughout Bharat's known history, since Kaliyuga in 3101 BCE, Varah has been depicted saving Bhumi Devi, symbolizing the divine intervention and the cosmic duty of preserving the earth. Varah, the boar incarnation of Lord Vishnu, embodies the primal power and resilience necessary to uphold the world.

On the contrary, hunting boar was heroic in known Western history, celebrated in epic tales and royal pastimes, where the hunt tested bravery and skill. The boar was a symbol of both bounty and battle.

In modern times, "suar/swine" is used as an insult, reflecting a shift in perception. Let us begin with what is available on Boar, bridging ancient reverence and contemporary views.

Long thread #Bookmark and Share

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Boars, a species of wild pigs, are believed to have originated in the lush, biodiverse landscapes of Indonesia approximately 4.2 million years ago. Over millennia, these adaptable creatures migrated and thrived across various terrains, leading to their domestication in East and Central Asia around 10,000 years ago. This domestication marked a pivotal shift in human agricultural practices, influencing the development of early civilizations.

Note: The accompanying map serves solely for illustrative purposes and does not delineate modern political boundaries or country borders.

2/17https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig#/media/File%3ABosse_2018_pig_lineages.png
The presence of wild boar in India is vividly captured through ancient rock art and petroglyphs, with depictions securely dating back to between 30,000 and 12,000 years ago.

1. Bhimbetka wild boar hunting scene: These prehistoric images, spanning 30,000 to 6,000 years before present, offer a glimpse into early human life and their hunting practices, illustrating the boar's significance in survival and culture.

2. Ratnagiri boar: Dating to 12,000 years before present, this depiction highlights the enduring relationship between humans and wild boars, showcasing their importance across millennia.

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Read 17 tweets
Oct 30
Crackers are not the real culprits for air pollution in Delhi: It all started with the Punjab and Haryana Water Acts of 2008.

Forget Diwali crackers; let's discuss these acts and their environmental impact. It's not fireworks; the real culprits are often ignored.

Bookmark and share this important information.

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The pollution issue traces back to the 1970s and 80s during the transformative Green Revolution in Punjab and Haryana. Aimed at bolstering national food security, traditional crops like maize, pearl millet, pulses, and oilseeds were swapped for a wheat-paddy rotation. However, the consequences for water tables were overlooked.

The adoption of contemporary irrigation methods, including tube wells, has inadvertently led to over-extraction of groundwater, draining vital aquifers. This depletion poses a serious threat to farming and fresh water resources.

With the change in cultivation patterns, particularly in Punjab, a concerning phenomenon started to unfold—the rapid decline of the water table.

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Punjab Govt Tackles Water Crisis Head-On, Regulates Paddy Cultivation

In 2008, a law was enacted banning farmers from transplanting saplings before June 10.

This move helped conserve water tables but pressured farmers for time, forcing them to cultivate more quickly.

With less time to prepare fields and dispose of plant waste, burning parali has become the only option.

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Read 12 tweets
Oct 19
Remember!

Britons sitting on looted wealth engineered artificial famines, killing millions and leaving behind genetic defects like shorter stature and diabetes.

Here are some pictures of the atrocities we all keep in our hearts as a warning..

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Bengal famines caused by Churchill

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Bengal famines caused by Churchill

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Read 8 tweets

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