At first sight 'no need to transform your practice' as both are similarly effective for mortality (2/9)
Also similar for mortality and all-cause hospitalizations (3/9)
But @robmentz et al should be congratulated for conducting this very important RCT designed to answer an important clinically very relevant question. The pragmatic design allowed to recruit a large diverse patient population (>1/3 women, >1/3 black adults, HFpEF and HFrEF) (4/9)
Unfortunately, the pragmatic design did not allow to collect data on the prevalence of decongestion which is important as NTproBNP levels were almost 4000 pg/ml at inclusion. More insights on diuretic dosing or other GDMT might have led to a different result. (5/9)
Loop diuretics are the only drug with a class I recommendation independent of LVEF to treat signs and symptoms of congestion but decisive evidence regarding diuretic agents, administration schedules, and routes of administration was limited. (6/9)
#ADVOR clearly demonstrated that the addition of acetazolamide to loop diuretic therapy in patients with ADHF resulted in a greater incidence of successful decongestion. (7/9) nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NE…
#CLOROTIC demonstrated that the addition of hydrocholorothiazide to loop diuretic therapy in patients with ADHF resulted in greater weight loss #HeartFailure2022 (8/9)
Tweetorial on #vasodilators for low-output #heartfailure
to improve hemodynamics which help to decongest better and allow introduction/uptitration of neurohumorel blockers.
(as addendum to
Results of the randomized #ADVOR trial are soon coming your way! It's the largest diuretic trial in acute #heartfailure ever conducted (N=519) and will test acetazolamide on top of loop diuretics. Recruitment is finished and full database lock is anticipated. Find out more (1/9).
There is an underappreciated risk of poor outcome in heart failure patients discharged with ongoing congestion and WRF (2/9).
Pivotal paper of @MarcoMetraahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/ci…
Appropriate and thorough decongestion is class I recommendation in HFA-ESC guidelines so DON'T stop decongestive efforts during WRF (3/9). academic.oup.com/eurheartj/arti…
Door to ‘diuretic’ time: earlier administration of loop diuretics is associated with improved outcomes independent of HF severity (2/9). jacc.org/doi/abs/10.101…
The first dose of the loop diuretic should be 40 mg furosemide (=1 mg bumetanide) in diuretic naïve and twice the home dose in patients on loop diuretic (3/9).
2/10. The kidney is a remarkable vascular organ. Renal blood flow = 1000 ml/min, renal plasma flow = 600 ml/min.
3/10. Elevated central venous pressure affects renal function significantly more than reduced cardiac output in heart failure. jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.…
Glomerulus: renal blood flow ↓ in HF, but the kidney tries to maintain GFR by afferent arteriolar vasodilation and efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction. This leads to single-nephron hyperfiltration initially preserving total GFR, but further damaging the glomerulus. (2/6)
Proximal tubules: hyperfiltration leads to ↑ water and solutes filtered, but ↓ remaining in the peritubular capillaries. Due to ↑ peritubular capillary oncotic pressure + ↑ renal lymph flow -> ↑ water and Na+ reabsorption in the proximal tubules (3/6)