#Stubble burning continues because of the short window between paddy harvesting & wheat sowing in #Punjab.
Now, there is a silver lining.
A new low-cost, environment-friendly & revolutionary method of paddy stubble management & wheat sowing has been introduced by PAU !
This method, propagated by Punjab Agri University will lessen the cost of stubble management & wheat sowing by three to four times as compared to the conventional method, experts said, adding that it can – if put into effect – halt the paddy straw burning in #Punjab like anything
‘Surface seeding' in which paddy harvesting & wheat sowing are done at the same time, an attachment is fitted with the harvester which broadcasts wheat seed & fertilizer at the time of paddy harvest, followed by a single operation of cutter-cum-spreader (3 - 4 inch above surface.
For sowing, 45 kg treated wheat seed and 65 kg DAP are used, for one acre. If combine with seeding attachment is not available, the seed and fertilizer are broadcast manually, after paddy harvest, followed by the single operation of cutter-cum-spreader and irrigation.
Benefits
~It costs Rs 650/acre only, for paddy straw management & wheat sowing, which is 3~4 times lesser than conventional methods
~It does not require costly machines and high HP tractor for residue management
~ It provides complete mulching which save the crop from heat stress
Benefits:-
~It encourages in-situ paddy residue management which is environment friendly & improves soil health
~ It reduces herbicide use, as weed infestation is lesser in a mulched field
~Halts paddy straw burning
~It makes paddy residue management and wheat sowing much easier
Farmer Daljinder Singh of Jeond village Bathinda, claims, that he had sown wheat with this method, & got the same yield which he used to take with conventional sowing & Happy seeder sowing method and there was just Rs 200 to Rs 300 expenditure per acre for managing the stubble !
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An example to show, how the shift from pulses in Punjab happened.
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In 1960-61, #pulses acreage in #Punjab was 9.03 lakh hectares with production of 7.09 lakh ton, but; in 2018-19 Kharif, it dropped to 7500 hectares with a production of 6200 tons
The per kg cost of pulse import increased from Rs 16.88 in 2006-07 to Rs 42.80 in 2016-17 (rise of 10%/year). If India were to continue to import large quantities of pulses, the unit cost of such imports is to increase for sure. Why not encourage Punjab farmers to grow pulses ?
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How, over the past 40 years, U.S food supply chain has become concentrated in hands of a few large multinationals, which serve as middlemen in everything from seed genetics to hog processing to supermarkets. Do we want such a business model in India; think hard, do we ?
~From 1975 to 2015, Market share of 4 largest beef packing firms increased from 25% to 85%.
~From 1988 to 2016, Market share of 4 largest soybean seed firms increased from 42% to 76%.
~From 1976 to 2015, Market share of 4 largest hog processing firms increased from 33% to 66% !
~From 1997 to 2018, Market share of 4 "top grocers" increased from 25% to 44%.
~~From 1988 to 2016, Market share of 4 largest corn seed firms increased from 59% to 85%.
~6 brands acct for half the global chocolate market, an asymmetrical market that favors only buyers & traders
With a debt of 2.63 lakh crore, a revenue deficit of 12,554 crore, a fiscal liability of 24,352 Cr, a liability of 6,068 Cr on debt servicing & GST compensation regime coming to an end in June 2022, AAP Govt has a mammoth task w.r.t keeping it's promises
Punjab's power subsidy bill is already set to touch 18,000 crore this fiscal even as an amount of 7,117 crore is due from the previous fiscal. Govt says that 300 free units will cost 1800 crore, but the power experts say that the government would end up paying Rs 3,000 crore !
The state government is already grappling with free travel facility for women in public sector buses that has cost the exchequer Rs 600 crore this year and state owned transport bodies are crying foul.
#Paddy, farmers income/acre increased from Rs 37,660 in 2013-14 to Rs 53,000 in 2020-21,i.e. 40.73%
#Wheat farmers income/ acre increased to Rs 39,500 in 2020-21 Vs Rs 27,000 in 2013-14, an increase of 46.3%
What about input costs
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For growing #paddy in #Punjab per acre, in 2013-14, farmers owning land spent Rs 9,000 as input cost, & farmers leasing land spent Rs 24,000. But in 2021, farmers owning land spent Rs 18,000+ i.e. 100% increase, & farmers leasing land spent Rs 43,000, which is a 79.2% increase !
The input cost included around Rs 500 to grow a #paddy nursery for a one acre field in 2013-14, which has now increased to Rs 1,200; in 2013-14, the labor cost for transplanting nursery into the main field was 1800/acre, which has now increased to Rs 3500/acre i.e. 100% increase
Will Govt have enough wheat for Public Distribution System (NFSA), Midday Meals & other regular welfare schemes including Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana ?
Will Govt have enough wheat for open market sales to flour mills ?
With #wheat opening stocks of 19 million ton (MT) & expected procurement of 18.5 MT, Govt will have 37.5 MT of wheat available for 2022-23. We take out the Min buffer Stock for March 31, which is 7.5 MT, it will leave 30 MT available for sale from government godowns this fiscal.
Govt requires 26 million ton (MT) to run Public Distribution System, Midday Meals & other regular welfare schemes, 5.4 MT for Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana scheme for April-Sept 2022; this alone comes to 31.4 MT, which is more than what the Govt will b holding this year
There is 10~15% #wheat yield loss in Punjab, Haryana, UP & MP, due to weather anomalies; wheat to mustard acreage shift & farmers holding back crop & exports; Seems, Govt procurement target of 44 million tons will fall short by around 10 million tons
#Haryana has set a target of 85 lakh ton #wheat procurement, but in the first 17 days, State mandis have witnessed nearly 20% less wheat arrival compared to last year. #Punjab has a target of 130 lakh ton, but reliable sources say procurement would likely be around 100 lakh tons.
Govt position is that "India's new season #wheat harvest is underway, with this year's production at a record 111.32 million tons-making it the 6'th season in a row that India has produced a surplus. But, it seems nobody factored yield loss of 10~15% i.e. at least 11 million tons