-> the importance of district heating networks in particular
* this is mirrored by the fact, that in the #repowereu scheme, 8.5 bio € are earmared for it while 210 bio € would be appropriate
* DHNs are much more efficient in primary energy use than every building burning ->
-> the gas in its own heating: -30% gas use
* DHN is large projects which mean a framework is needed for organization, coordination, de-risking, business model
* this framework is lacking sorely.
* future heat source mix (very coarse): geothermal 10%, waste heat 20%, heat pumps->
-> 70%.
* Solar thermal is underrepresented. (i wonder though, whether PV + HPs is better, as it makes the system more flexible: can exchange power with the rest of the system according to an optimization strategy, while pure ST installations are islands.) ->
->
* heat storage done right does cost ~~ 1% of electricity storage per kWh. it is only logical to use it as much as possible to even out renewable intermittency.
* insulated buildings allow for lower DHN temperatures => higher efficiencies if heat is provided renwably =>
->
-> double win.
* structural problems here: the pesky landlord-tenant-dilemma and others.
some thoughts of my own:
* In USA there are indeed discussions and actions to lure the oil&gas industry into the GT business. Would be a win-win.
* The #euets2 and national systems will ->
->
hopefully re-create a more level playing field between utilities (currently having higher energy costs through the #euets) and private boilers with very low taxes on fossil fuel, thus improving the business case for electric heat pumps and efficiency investments.
* The ->
-> Canadian company @eavor is currently developing deep hot dry rock closed loop heat exchangers. A first installation is being drilled in Geretsried, Bavaria just now. They are advertizing GT dispatchable electricity, but it would o.c. also work for just heat. The ->
->
big advantage is, that hot dry rock can be found almost everywhere, so the area suitable for GT would be greatly increased. The big question is: can the drilling process made cheap enough to get to the depth required?
@BrigitteKnopf@PIK_Climate@Bruegel_org@GeorgZachmann The article could be more readable and I don't find everything in it logically convincing.
Basically, the authors propose a much more complicated double cap system, then eliminating the cap of the cap system by introducing price limits, then proposing a couple of patches to ->
@BrigitteKnopf@PIK_Climate@Bruegel_org@GeorgZachmann -> deal with the problems arising from those modifications.
The core topic is the long overdue introduction of fossil fuels for heating and transport into the #EUETS.
The main problem here being the difference in abatement costs for the two large sectors electricity/industry ->
@BrigitteKnopf@PIK_Climate@Bruegel_org@GeorgZachmann -> and transport/heating.
A single carbon price would mean a sudden very strong price pressure in the first sector, forcing a fast transition there, while the carbon price in the second would be too low to cause fast changes for quite some time.
The first is correctly stated-->