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Nov 22 • 9 tweets • 4 min read
Using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of large-scale whole-body MRI data, this one found substantial genetic correlations between body composition measures and a range of cardiometabolic diseases, with the strongest correlation between liver fat and type 2 diabetes.
Note that where you see MV in the pic above, it's muscle volume, MF is muscle fat infiltration and AFR is Abdmonal Fat ratio.

I think this legend here is more useful, so there you go, for easier comparison/lookup:
- "Our findings that a substantial portion of the genetic determinants of these measures are related to the immune system fit with a large body of literature...
"...indicating that adipose tissue is an active metabolic and endocrine organ that secretes a host of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, and with the characterization of obesity as a state of chronic low-grade inflammation."

Ref:
doi.org/10.3389/fphys.…
- "Liver fat showed a stronger genetic correlation with type 2 diabetes than conventional measures...
"...While causality needs to be established, this correlation could suggest that the amount of liver fat and its genetic determinants may play a central role in type 2 diabetes development...
"...and at a minimum robustly positions MAFLD onto the map of relevant comorbidities of type 2 diabetes alongside cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and diabetic retinopathy."
- "Further, we found significant positive genetic correlations between coronary artery disease and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, adding genetic evidence to the well-established relation between this disease, obesity, and body fat distribution."
The link between liver fat and cardiometabolic diseases is highlighted by genome-wide association study of MRI-derived measures of body composition (open access)

doi.org/10.1038/s42003…

#Obesity #MetabolicSyndrome #NAFLD #Diabetes

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More from @nick_krontiris

Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Nov 22
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that CoQ10 supplementation is likely to improve lipid profiles in adults, with the optimal dose being 400-500mg/day. Image
- CoQ10 supplementation is likely to decrease total cholesterol, LDL-c, and TG and increase HDL-c levels in the adult population.
- Dose–response analysis revealed an inverse J-shaped nonlinear pattern between CoQ10 supplementation and TC, in which the optimal dose was 400 to 500 mg/day.
Read 4 tweets
Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Nov 22
Here, the consumption of caffeinated coffee was inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes among US nurses with a history of gestational diabetes, with higher intakes being associated with a more favorable glucose metabolic profile among the type 2 diabetes-free women.
A few other notable findings:
- "This current study presents complementary findings on the inverse associations of coffee, particularly caffeinated coffee, with T2D progression for high-risk individuals with a history of GDM...
Read 9 tweets
Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Nov 21
In this one, healthy postmenopausal women with a family history of type 2 diabetes did not exhibit altered substrate metabolism or oxidation during submaximal exercise nor in the immediate period after exercise.
Therefore, this data suggests that the metabolic defects previously observed in family history of type 2 diabetes "might be limited to contexts where the action of insulin is preponderant...
"...and that exercise metabolism is spared in a healthy population of FDR (first-degree relatives)...
Read 5 tweets
Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Nov 21
This study in twins found that how effectively an individual awakens in the hours following sleep is associated with sleep quantity/quality the night before, physical activity the day prior, a breakfast rich in carbohydrate, and a lower blood glucose response following breakfast.
- Nights when an individual slept longer than their own typical sleep amount (rather than a standardised sleep amount), were associated with a superior (i.e., higher) degree of next-morning alertness.
- More than just sleep duration, however, sleeping later into the morning than is typical for a given individual (which in part, can give rise to longer sleep duration), predicted higher levels of alertness that following morning.
Read 13 tweets
Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Nov 21
This systematic review found that the majority of the literature suggests that individuals with both mood- and anxiety-related disorders and sleep disorders are likely to have lower heart rate variability during sleep.
- "This suggests that sleep-related ANS dysfunction may be a common but independent factor to both sets of disorders, and may be an underlying reason for the frequent co-occurrence of these conditions...
"...especially given that in healthy individuals, both poor sleep and lower sleep-related HRV are predictors of more severe psychological symptoms"
Read 4 tweets
Nick Krontiris Profile picture
Nov 21
This one found N-terminal pro-B natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) to independently associated with all-cause mortality and mortality from cardiovascular causes, irrespectively of blood glucose levels, sex, age and body mass index in US adults aged 45–79 years.
- NT-ProBNP levels were associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality after a median follow-up of 13 years in people without a previous history of heart failure.
- The association remained consistent after adjustment for known cardiovascular risk factors and socio-behavioral factors.
Read 7 tweets

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