This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that vegetarians and particularly vegans who live in countries with no current mandatory salt iodisation programme are more likely to have increased risk of low iodine status, iodine deficiency and inadequate iodine intake. ImageImage
- Individuals following vegan and vegetarian diets, living in countries without mandatory salt iodisation, and not consuming seaweed or iodine-containing supplements...
...were found to have an increased risk of low iodine status, iodine deficiency, and inadequate iodine intake compared to adults following less restrictive diets living in countries lacking mandatory iodisation of salt.
- Iodine nutrition was poor in many sub-groups of the global population, and difficulties achieving iodine recommendations were not unique to those following restrictive diets.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of iodine nutrition in modern vegan and vegetarian diets (open access)

doi.org/10.1017/S00071…

#nutrition #diet #supplements #supplement

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Mar 17
The findings of this one suggest that central adiposity leads to dyslipidemia, with measures of insulin resistance and sensitivity partly mediating this, and that n-3 PUFAs may moderate the direct path between adiposity and dyslipidemia, reducing the risk for type 2 diabetes.
- This study was conducted in Yup’ik individuals from 10 communities in rural SW Alaska.
- Although Yup’ik people have an obesity and prediabetes prevalence similar to the general U.S. population, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is relatively rare (∼3%).
Read 15 tweets
Mar 17
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials suggests that treatment with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) is unlikely to reduce or increase cancer incidence or mortality.
- The review included RCTs that compared SGLT2 inhibitors or SGLT1/2 inhibitors to placebo, active interventions, or no intervention in adults (aged ≥ 18 years), with a minimum follow-up of 48 weeks and that reported at least 1 case of cancer or 1 death due to cancer.
- Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors did not reduce or increase cancer incidence or mortality.
Read 6 tweets
Mar 16
This one suggests that there is some evidence that nutritional interventions, may benefit respiratory health in individuals with pre-existing nutrient deficiencies and in healthy individuals during times of compromised immune function associated with increased physical stress. Image
- This review focuses on numerous commercial interventions that purport to improve respiratory health, including nasal dilators, nasal breathing, and systematized breathing interventions respiratory muscle training, canned oxygen, nutritional supplements, and inhaled L-menthol.
- On the nutritional side of things it found that:
Read 17 tweets
Mar 16
Here, higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic risk in individuals living in the UK with a mean age of ~64 years.
"Specifically, participants with the highest MedDiet adherence had 23% lower risk of developing dementia in comparison with those with the lowest level of adherence (highest vs. lowest MEDAS continuous tertiles)...
"...which was equivalent to an absolute risk difference (reduction) of 0.55%."
Read 4 tweets
Mar 16
The findings of this one suggest that anthropometric measures waist-to-hip ratio and/or waist circumference, but not BMI, are risk factors for MACE-3, CVD-related mortality, and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and CV risk factors or established CVD.
- The REWIND CV Outcomes Trial evaluated CVD-related events, including MACE-3, CVD-related mortality, all-cause mortality, and HF requiring hospitalization, over a median of 5.4 years.
- Patients had type 2 diabetes, were aged 50 years or older with CV risk factors or established CVD and had a baseline BMI of ≥ 23 kg/m2.
Read 10 tweets
Mar 16
Here, an energy-dense keto-friendly energy bar consumed 3 hours before exercise was similarly effective in sustaining ∼1 hour of steady-state incline rucking under 30% of body weight load, compared with an isocaloric serving of carbohydrate energy bars. Image
- Recreationally active and healthy males consumed 1000 kcal derived from a novel, energy-dense (percentage energy from carbohydrate/fat/protein: 5/83/12) ketogenic bar, or isocaloric high-carbohydrate bars (CB; 61/23/16) 3ours h before a time-to-exhaustion ruck.
- The ingestion of the keto-friendly energy bar increased fat oxidation, whereas the carbohydrate energy bars increased mean carbohydrate oxidation:
Read 8 tweets

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