After Coinbase listed #XRP in late February 2019, @MoneyGram filed a notice with the SEC and read what it said:
“This agreement will enable MoneyGram to utilize Ripple’s xRapid product (XRP) in foreign exchange settlement as part of the MoneyGram’s cross-border payment process.”
If #XRP was itself an illegal security the way the SEC now claims, why would the SEC allow this MoneyGram partnership 18 months before Clayton dropped the lawsuit on his last full day at the SEC and the very next day after meeting with @GaryGensler? 🤔
According to the SEC’s absurd theory, the #XRP that MoneyGram sold through exchanges like Coinbase to the public were also investment contracts w/Ripple even if the purchaser never heard a company called Ripple that sold software to banks.
In June 2019 MoneyGram told the SEC it was acquiring and selling XRP and it wasn’t an issue. In fact, we learned the SEC instructed MoneyGram how to report XRP on the books, as a contra expense.👇
🤔 In the 76 years since Howey, there’s no case where contra expense = a security.
Coinbase & MoneyGram’s use of #XRP wasn’t he only events in 2019. FSOC’s 2019 annual report HIGHLIGHTED #XRP along with #BTC , #ETH and #LTC. Look who signed it. 👇
The report said #BTC, #ETH, #XRP, and #LTC grew in market share significantly.
It didn’t mention securities.
Hinman’s Speech was June 14, 2018. As you know he didn’t mention #XRP in his speech - only gave #BTC and #ETH a free pass. (We don’t know about the Drafts or emails).
But there’s a Howey #XRP Memo 📝 written by SEC Enforcement Lawyers dated the day before: on June 13, 2018. 🤔
We haven’t read it b/c Judge Netburn said it was privileged. Judge Netburn informed us, however, that no recommendation was made at the conclusion of the XRP Memo. If SEC enforcement lawyers had determined that XRP was clearly a security, they would’ve recommend action be taken.
At a minimum, they would’ve recommended that a Cease & Desist letter be issued to Ripple. If Ripple refused, then an enforcement action. They are called enforcement lawyers - if it was clear that the law was being broken, they wouldn’t say “just let them get away with it.”
Most likely, because they didn’t conclude XRP was clearly a security. At best for the SEC, they likely needed more info. But remember, in 2015, Ripple settled w/FinCEN & the DOJ and was providing the Government with regular audits of all XRP sales. That’s 3 years of info to 2018.
Also consider, on January 1, 2020 Bailard Inc, a market participant, filed an ethics disclosure w/the SEC that said when it comes to crypto don’t worry b/c Bailard will only deal with the 3 Crypto assets generally accepted in the market as NON-SECURITIES: #BTC, #ETH and #XRP.
Now also consider that in October 2020 - less than 60 days before Ripple was sued - the SEC informed the public (the people it supposedly protects) that the SEC had never determined #XRP to be a security.
Let’s not forget, that @bgarlinghouse@JoelKatz met with the SEC in August/September of 2018 with Clayton and Hinman. Garlinghouse spoke up and out and said:
“@Ripple is living in purgatory because of the lack of regulatory clarity regarding #XRP.”
This meeting was several months after the June 13, 2018 #XRP Memo 📝 and the Hinman Speech giving #BTC and #ETH clarity by declaring a regulatory free pass for the two top tokens.
Hinman and Clayton did NOT reply to the Ripple CEO by saying: “#XRP is a security. That’s why.”
Had the Memo 📝 found #XRP clearly a security, they could have handed it to the CEO and CTO of Ripple and said here, read this! But they didn’t. Instead, Clayton said: “ok just keep talking to the staff about it at future meetings” or words to that effect.
I won’t even get into the conflicts.
So, say what you want about it, but to claim Ripple’s FND is totally without merit like @JohnReedStark and others, requires one to ignore both the facts and the law. You can argue that it won’t ultimately prevail, but it’s not meritless.
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Yet, the FND is pled as Ripple’s Fourth Affirmative Defense. Is Ripple’s FND argument different or unique than previous one’s? Yes!
But we must first fully understand the nature of the FND and when, if ever, it would become relevant in the case.
To fully comprehend Ripple’s FND, we must first distinguish it from the typical “fair notice” argument that has been raised in previous crypto cases (e.g. Telegram, Kik, @LBRYcom).
We must also distinguish Ripple’s FND from arguments regarding issues of selective enforcement (the issue that some projects get a free pass while others get prosecuted) or the issue of regulatory capture by a select few investors who have captured transient regulators. 🤔
Is one of the most misunderstood legal terms in the law. The Howey Test must be the most misapplied legal test or doctrine on social media.
“Investment contract” is a legal term of art adopted from state law by Congress when it enacted the 1933 Act.
According to the Securities Act of 1933, the term ‘‘security’’ means:
“any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, security-based swap, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement,
collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of de- posit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle,
Best outcome: outright win for @Ripple w/the Judge smacking the SEC for gross overreach and behavior in the case (Judge Netburn has commented SEC lawyers are hypocrites, lack faithful allegiance to the law, and only care about winning the next argument);
2nd best: Judge rules Ripple offered #XRP as an investment contract aka security early in the #XRP ecosystem on a few specific instances (ie the brochure sent to 100 potential investors in 2014) but #XRP itself is not a security and ongoing and secondary sales are not securities;
3rd best: Judge denies both the SEC and Ripple’s motion for summary judgment and states that a jury must decide disputed facts and we have the status quo for another year - BUT the judge makes clear #XRP is simply software code and that secondary sales are not securities;
She and her staff (in Ma and in DC), abandoned over 300 constituents I represent in the 76K plus #XRPHolders putative class. She refused to even talk to me or any of these 300 constituents b/c she couldn’t risk being seen as on the side of two billionaires.
When I explained that I had over 300 of her constituents who owned #XRP and that we didn’t care if the SEC sued Ripple but that the grossly overboard allegations were hurting real people who had no relation or connection to Ripple, do you know what her staff told me?
“Look, the Senator isn’t going to say or do anything that might appear to be taking the side of a CEO let alone some crypto billionaires.”
I responded that I didn’t represent any CEOs or billionaires but instead, the hard working people she claims to support.
Regarding the Hinman emails and speech drafts: the SEC has requested for them to remain sealed, even after Judge Torres’ ruling on summary judgment. I believe the emails and speech drafts will be made public at some point, regardless of Judge Torres’ decision on whether to seal.
If Judge Torres cites to or relies on the emails/drafts in making her decision, I am 75% sure that she will declare them “judicial documents” and order that they be unsealed (but with limited redactions). But even if she doesn’t, the emails and drafts are going to be made public.
Why am I so confident? There will be more enforcement actions filed, including against @coinbase@kraken and @BinanceUS, IMO. I predicted the exchanges would be sued for selling securities last year. I still believe it’s coming. But even before that, other litigation is ongoing.
I’m sharing my experience with everyone here in case you encounter the same thing.
Either my Wifi at home was hacked or I’m a victim of a sim swap on my mobile phone.
Yesterday, my @UpholdInc App was frozen. I could not access my account on my phone.
I grabbed my laptop and tried to login to my Uphold account there. When I entered my email and password, the screen said “your account has been locked and you will get an email from Uphold for more information.” Within 5 minutes of trying to login at home, my cell phone rang.
The caller ID only said “Toll Free.” A man claimed to be from “UpHold Verification” and he said “I just sent you an email, did you get it?” I received an email that looked like this: 👇