Today is #NationalDogDay! Lets examine what roles our 4-legged friends have played in #DisHist!
Artistic representations of dogs accompanying #blind singers, beggars etc from across the world suggests that they have often worked and lived alongside #disabled handlers..1/
In this #earlymodern illustration of the Dance of Death, Death cuts the rope that links the blind man and his dog: “I cut you off from your guide.”
The blind man responds, saying, “I cannot take a step without my dog (hund).” #DisHist#NationalDogDay..2/
For more on #DisHist and good doggos in medieval illustrations, read @drkmurch's blog here:
@drkmurch These later artistic representations continue to show the blind artistic subject with small dogs leading them in public spaces. These dogs were possibility performers, protectors, companions & guides.
Image: #19thc engraving, Le chien de l'aveugle. #DisHist ....4/
In this #17thc Japanese print, a blind beggar is shown with a stick and dog, from the @nypl, while the other image shows a 'leper' accompanied by 'pariah dogs' in British India. #DisHist#NationalDogDay#envhist ...5/
Dogs often worked with #disabled performers.
In this illustration, the dog leads a Blind performer, who extends a begging bowl and has a child on his back.
The dog himself holds a begging bowl in his mouth. #DisHist#ArtHistory#NationalDogDay#NationalDogDay2019...6/
It is WWI that really changes the ways in which dogs begin to be trained to support disabled people of all kinds.
The first TRAINED guide dogs for the blind were in streets, factories & public transport in Europe & the Americas by the 1920s & 30s. #DisHist#NationalDogDay ..7/
Although guide dogs for the blind are more common, signal dogs, #HearingDogs, or 'Audio dogs' were advertised in #Deaf publications in North America & Europe as 'hearing aids' for the #Deaf by the 1980s to help alert handlers to sirens, doorbells. #DisHist#NationalDogDay2019..8/
As much as these 4-legged creatures have been much beloved companions, they now play an important role in the lives of many disabled people, and are trained for handlers with disabilities including diabetes, epilepsy, PTSD.
So MANY GOOD DOGS. #DisHist#NationalDogDay
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As disability history expands into new global regions (outside US and Western Europe), we at the DHA are beginning a small project to highlight works that introduce us to disability in those regions.
Each week, we will be linking a book, article, or chapter on disability history and studies in the non-West! These posts are being curated by prior and current DHA board members @WTan_Historian and @jiya_pandya and DHA intern @Tulikaa_, based on a longer syllabus Wayne compiled.
@WTan_Historian @jiya_pandya @Tulikaa_ We'd love to hear from you on your favorite works in this field so write in! And, if there's a piece we share that you particularly care about, do comment, so that this thread can serve as a living bibliography!
Thread: 1/n Today is #NationalDogDay!
Time to re-examine the roles dogs have played in #DisHist!
For centuries, artists have shown dogs accompanying blind subjects, performers & beggars across the world, suggesting that dogs lived/worked alongside disabled handlers.
2/n Medieval European texts show figures that might possibly be blind holding a staff & the lead of a dog. As per @NinonDubourg, dogs were not considered reliable or safe in theory, but they were likely used as companions and fellow performers while begging. #DisHist#envhist
Thread:
The best kind of #DisHist is that of the everyday.
In 2014, @bbcouch researched the story of Duncan McKenzie and Nesta Holgate, a deaf British couple whose 1940 wedding featured in a British Pathé video. 1/n
2/n
'Everyone at the wedding is both deaf and dumb and they all converse in sign language.'
This is the video of the wedding, shot in 1940 and showing several shots of the wedding party, happy, excited and signing. #DisHist#DeafHistory
3/n The wedding took place at Beverley Minster, which was supposed to be the resting place of St. John, who was supposed to heal the sick and to give the power of speech back to the nonverbal and hearing to the deaf. #DisHist#DeafHistory
Thread: 1. What does disability offer as a category of historical analysis? Why does #DisHist matter?
Here is an eg:
Born in Sardinia, Antonio Gramsci (1891– 1937) lived with physical disability, possibly due to Pott's disease (image not of him).../
2. His mother held to the idea that he was disabled after a fall down a flight of stairs which she blamed on a servant. The young Gramsci lived with chronic pain, and his condition may have impacted his growth as well. #DisHist#DisabilityHistory#histmed
3.
Gramsci's own writings describe how he was called a gobbo (hunchback) by those around him & described how his condition made him feel like an "intruder" in his family.../ #DisHist#histchild#histmed
Thread: 1. ‘Public schools were closed to me because of my wheelchair, and special schools were closed to me because I was black”
The Mar 1970 edition of Performance mag. profiled the polio survivor and disabled artist & teacher Juanita Cotton. #DisHist#DisabilityTooWhite
2. Born in Oklahoma, Juanita was educated at home & graduated high school at 20. Her counselor refused to support her studying art in college. He “tried to find a reason why I couldn’t go to college” & sent her to a psychiatrist for wanting to study art. She persisted. #DisHist
3. She was the 1st black woman & the 1st disabled woman ever to study in the art Department @UofOklahoma, where she was 'largely ignored' by other students & confronted all the problems of wheelchair users including falling down a large flight of steps on campus. #DisHist
1.
Medieval Japanese guilds (za) offered spaces for belonging & institutional support for the blind. Todo-za claimed links to ancient emperors, aristocratic families, & incarnations of deities for authority/legitimacy. Not all of the blind enrolled in the toda-za/ #DisHist
2. When a blind person wished to enter the todo-za, they usually became the apprentice of a local member. The acolyte then shaved their head & was known as the shoshin (beginner). They then paid their dues to the todo-za and received a certificate of membership & a rank/ #DisHist
3.
These guilds provided support and education to the blind, including training in stringed instruments
& storytelling, which were occupations commonly regarded as suitable professions for the blind/ #DisHist