, 11 tweets, 5 min read
My Authors
Read all threads
WARISAN HAMBA FRANCIS LIGHT

Pernah dianggap sebagai pembuka Pulau Pinang, dia memiliki ramai hamba sejak berkhidmat untuk British di Siam, dan kemudian di Pulau Pinang. Patung dan tugunya megah berdiri di memorial khas yang dibina untuknya di Pulau Pinang sehingga hari ini. 1/11
Masa dia ada pun, Pulau Pinang tetap meriah dan mewah dan kekayaan dek perdagangan hamba dari segenap Nusantara dan India malah dari Afrika.

Tanggapan bahawa British hadir dan menghapuskan perhambaan tak betul. JWW Birch pun ada kuli India dia sendiri yang dibawa ke Perak. 2/11
Dalam wasiat untuk isterinya, Martina Rozells (gambar bawah) yang ada dipamerkan di Muzium Negeri Pulau Pinang, dia mewasiatkan hamba-hamba Batak nya (ya, inilah asalnya panggilan 'kuli batak');

"I give and bequeath all my Batta Slaves unto Martina Rozells."

3/11
Francis Light mungkin memperolehi hamba Batak nya dari Sumatera, atau diberikan British kepadanya dari 'Bencoolean' Bengkahulu yang merupakan salah satu koloni British ketika itu. Orang Batak ini kebanyakannya diculik dan diambil secara paksa oleh 'slave raiders' ketika itu. 4/11
Selain Batak, Francis Light juga memiliki hamba 'Caffree'.

"I leave all my Caffree Slaves the following choice, either to remain with Martina during her life she being willing to maintain them or each man to pay her fifty dollars and be free" 5/11
"I leave all my Caffree Slaves the following choice, either to remain with Martina during her life she being willing to maintain them or each man to pay her fifty dollars and be free." 6/11
Walaupun dinamakan 'Caffree', ia mungkin sekadar panggilan umum hamba-hamba ini yang diperdagangkan oleh orang Arab yang menggelar mereka 'kafir'. Dari pakaian, mereka mungkin nomad Turkana atau Nama diculik dan dijual oleh Arab di pasar hamba di Suez atau Afrika Selatan. 7/11
Hamba-hamba itu turut diberikan hamba oleh Francis Light sebagai pasangan;

"I give unto Enneat a female whom I have liberated the sum of two hundred dollars and unto Emai another female slave I give one hundred dollars with her freedom." 8/11
Francis Light juga memiliki hamba yang diikat dengan hutang, mungkin dari kalangan orang Siam atau Cina;

"I release the following from all further Bondage of Servitude and bequeath each of them ten dollars viz I Boon and his wife I Boon small and Echan his wife and... 9/11
"...children, I Tong, Tong Dam and his wife and daughter Ton Chan and her Brother, but not Esan she remained with Martina. Seng Pao and Elloi are not Slaves, they may go where they please. 10/11
Kepada #BlackLivesMatter, jangan kuman seberang laut nampak, gajah depan mata tak nampak. Tak perlu jadi gasar dan ganas, merosakkan tugu yang sudah sekian lama jadi tarikan sejarah, namun sisi sejarah Francis Light yang ini mesti kita tahu dan kita ambil iktibar darinya. 11/11
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh.

Keep Current with Ashraf

Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

Twitter may remove this content at anytime, convert it as a PDF, save and print for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video

1) Follow Thread Reader App on Twitter so you can easily mention us!

2) Go to a Twitter thread (series of Tweets by the same owner) and mention us with a keyword "unroll" @threadreaderapp unroll

You can practice here first or read more on our help page!

Follow Us on Twitter!

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3.00/month or $30.00/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Too expensive? Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal Become our Patreon

Thank you for your support!