Arctic sea ice reached its second-lowest minimum extent on record on Sept. 15, 2020. This year’s extent was larger only than 2012’s extent. @NASA and @NSIDC track sea ice through the year. go.nasa.gov/33LwmFH
Sea ice plays an important role in keeping our planet cool. Light-colored ice reflects heat from the Sun back into the atmosphere, while darker ocean water absorbs it, so warming accelerates as sea ice extent declines.
Sea ice extent grows and shrinks with the seasons, with the colder northern winter temperatures freezing sea water and the warmer summer temperatures melting it. Over the last decades, sea ice extent has been trending smaller — a direct result of warmer global temperatures.
The Arctic region is warming three times as fast as the rest of the planet, with effects beyond the ocean. This summer, areas in Siberia set records for high temperatures. go.nasa.gov/33k8KYv
Fires in Siberia are burning more frequently and more severely, burning through peatlands. When organic materials frozen in this soil for hundreds of years burn, vast amounts of carbon are released into the atmosphere.
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NASA confirms: this July was the hottest month on record.🌡️
Our record starts in 1880, when consistent global recordkeeping became possible. It shows an undeniable pattern of increasing global temperatures, primarily from human emissions of carbon dioxide. https://t.co/YqTfn9BMuXgo.nasa.gov/3qwsszU
“This July was massively warmer than any previous July and any previous month on record, which goes back to 1880,” said @NASAGISS Director Gavin Schmidt.
Breathe deeply... and thank phytoplankton. Why? NASA researchers study these tiny creatures to better understand our changing planet. A thread (🧵):
Phytoplankton are microscopic organisms that live in watery environments, both salty and fresh.
Phytoplankton are responsible for most of the transfer of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to the ocean. Small changes in the growth of phytoplankton may affect atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, which would feed back to global surface temperatures.
Each year, strong winds carry more than a billion metric tons of mineral dust from Earth’s deserts and other dry regions through the atmosphere.
How does that dust affect the environment and climate? EMIT is launching soon to help us find out! Here are 5 things to know 👇
1. It will identify the composition of mineral dust from Earth’s arid regions.
From its perch on the @Space_Station, EMIT will map the world’s mineral dust source regions, providing information on the color and composition of dust sources globally for the first time.
2. It will clarify whether mineral dust heats or cools the planet.
Right now, scientists don’t know whether mineral dust has a net heating or cooling effect on the planet. Dust color matters because it determines whether the dust will absorb the Sun’s energy or reflect it.
Earth, the water planet. Its lakes, rivers, and oceans hold a crucial element for life. Earth-orbiting satellites help us track and better understand how this water moves around the globe. #WorldWaterDay
Groundwater – hidden from plain sight – is a vital source of water that can be difficult to track. The GRACE-FO mission detects subtle changes in Earth’s gravity caused by the movement of water, like from groundwater and polar ice. go.nasa.gov/37SVSi3
Our favorite fruits, veggies, and grains depend on water. @NASA missions like SMAP and ECOSTRESS monitor soil moisture and drought, giving farmers a more complete picture and informing agricultural decisions. go.nasa.gov/3Nboljd
Women have been working to study and understand our home planet from @NASA's very beginning. On #InternationalWomensDay2022 and all #WomensHistoryMonth, we’ll celebrate some of the women who help us see Earth more clearly.
Dr. Kate Calvin is @NASA’s Chief Scientist and Senior Climate Advisor. She connects climate science across the agency so we can better understand how our planet is changing. #IWD2022#InternationalWomensDay
Sascha Burton helped lead mechanical integration and test operations for the upcoming SWOT mission that will take @NASA’s first global survey of Earth’s surface water. She is now ramping up to support the NISAR mission with radar antenna deployment test campaigns. #IWD2022