1/6 Wat Zweden was voor zij die de lockdown in maart overdreven vonden, lijkt Duitsland nu voor zij die de aanpak van onze overheid (en bij uitbreiding, alle andere Westerse landen) te laks vinden.

In beide gevallen is de waarheid niet zo spectulair.
2/6 Wat Zweden betreft tijdens de eerste golf: ook daar was er een gedragswijziging (zie Google mobility data) die Re tot dicht bij of net onder 1 bracht. Zweden zijn van nature misschien ook iets 'afstandelijker'. medrxiv.org/content/10.110… ImageImage
3/6 Wat betreft Duitsland: het wezenlijke verschil tussen de aanpak van Duitsland en andere Europese landen was in februari. Toen deed Duitsland een intensieve en succesvolle test, trace & contain waardoor initiële uitbraken werden de kiem ingesmoord.
ourworldindata.org/covid-exemplar…
4/6 Tegelijk werd bij ons de initiële import vanuit Italië rond half februari niet opgemerkt en kon het virus zich ongehinderd verspreiden. Bij het begin van de lockdown had Duitsland naar schatting 5 à 10x minder besmettingen per inwoner in vergelijking met België.
5/6 De lockdown duurde ongeveer even lang en was ongeveer even effectief in Europese landen (excl. Zweden). Daardoor eindigde Duitsland met 5 à 10x minder infecties per inwoner in juli. Die voorsprong houden ze tot nog toe vast. Maar ook bij hen is Re ~ 1.1 a 1.2 sinds juli. Image
6/6 Dus ook bij hen is een stijging van alle cijfers onvermijdelijk: er bestaat geen wondermindel. Dat is ook de analyze van hun staatsviroloog. "We didn’t do anything particularly well. We only did it earlier"

pledgetimes.com/virologist-chr…

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More from @houterkabouter

28 Sep
1/ Re estimate: 1.33 (1.26 - 1.42). Estimated Belgians currently infected: 120K (90K - 190K) <65y, 2200 (1400 - 3000) >65y. At this rate (continuing our current behaviour), estimated COVID-19 deaths until Jan 1 2021: 5000 (3000 - 8000). #COVID19be
2/ Zoomed in version. I added two new charts: estimated age of infected population and estimated IFR (as a result of this change in demography).
3/ The model estimates that the IFR of those infected changed from 1% in March/April to 0.1% now. This seems drastic but can be explained by a relatively modest change in demography of those infected: from an average 40y (+/- 40y) then, to an average 30y (+/- 30y) now.
Read 5 tweets
22 Sep
1/6 New model (details below), estimating the Belgian epidemic from hospitalization, death (and case) data. Current Re estimate = 1.4 (1.3 - 1.5). Estimated deaths, continuing current behaviour, until Jan 2021: 1900 (1300 - 2700), with a peak of 300 hospitalizations per day. Image
2/6 Zoomed in version. This model more reliably fits both deaths (within two age-groups) and hospitalization data, something which recent model fits didn't manage. Image
3/6 Until now, the model assumed that the hospitalization rate (HR) was proportional to IFR, but that assumption wasn't valid. The figure below shows estimates based on the Belgian epidemic until June 14th, using covid-19.sciensano.be/sites/default/… Image
Read 6 tweets
15 Sep
We are again approaching peak corona panic, but there are two good reasons to stay vigilant but calm.

1) There is no urgency to react.
2) There may be no need to react, provided we keep avoiding (close) contacts between generations and within older generations.

1/7
Starting with the second point: this model predicts that even if we do nothing, the evolution of the epidemic will be "benign". Cases will rise to high levels, but deaths and hospitalizations are limited.

2/7

Sounds familiar? That is what is happening in France and Spain, who are ahead of us. Even if one distrusts this model (as you should with any model), we can take advantage of that. If things get out of hand there, we still have time to react here.

3/7 Image
Read 7 tweets
11 Sep
New model reconciling deaths, hospitalizations, and cases (in decreasing order of weight) and estimated 50000 (30000 - 80000) Belgians infected <65y; 200 (100 - 350) >65y. Estimated Re since Sept 1 is 1.2 (0.9 - 1.5). Current IFR ~ 0.07%. Around 5% of infections are found.

1/4 Image
Incidence of cases, hospitalizations and deaths are modelled in a similar way, by assuming that the rate for each is proportional to the age-specific IFR, which is directly estimated from data on deaths.

2/4 Image
Today a high number of cases are found. If we would have tested during the first wave as we did now, we would have found up to 5000 per day (upper right graph). We are finding far more infections now compared to March, but actually less than in April/May (!).

3/4 Image
Read 4 tweets
9 Sep
Het scenario van half juli dient zich terug aan. Infecties van jongeren beginnen door te sijpelen naar ouderen. Een stijgend aantal krijgt symptomen en wordt positief getest.

1/4
Door contactopsoring stijgen 'besmettingen' hierdoor ineens snel (denk aan half juli, Antwerpen) waardoor schattingen van R onterecht de hoogte in schieten (1.5 tot 2). Doemscenario's worden gepredikt. Nieuwe maatregelen worden afgekondigd die iedereen treft.

2/4
Ondertussen is de onderliggende stijging van aantal geïnfecteerden een pak minder snel, maar de leeftijdscategorie wijzigt. Dit is uiteraard problematisch wat betreft ziektes, hospitalisaties en kans op overlijdens.

3/4
Read 4 tweets
9 Sep
Updated model (details below). Still to early to estimate the impact of school opening. Current IFR ~ 0.07%. Estimated 50000 (34000 - 72000) <65j and 360 (240 - 540) >65j currently infected, means we're catching between 5% to 10% of infections. #covid19be cc #natconcovid 1/ Image
This model is now estimated exclusively on information from deaths, except for the last month where cases are used to better model recent trends. Despite low deaths the model estimates a high number of (young) infected people.

2/4
These are two more model inferences: evolution of test detection rate and total amount having been infected. 3/4 ImageImage
Read 5 tweets

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