This is big news: Pfizer says early phase 3 data of its #covid19 vaccine developed with German company BioNTech shows it to be about 90% effective in preventing disease with no serious safety concerns. Remember this is preliminary, but reason to be hopeful nytimes.com/2020/11/09/hea…
This is based on a review of data after 94 people in the trial developed #Covid19. Final analysis is planned for when there have been 164 #covid19 cases in participants in the trial.
As usual, the caveats are as important as the results: We don’t know if these numbers will hold up. We don’t know how long immunity will last. Billions of doses will take time to produce. etc. But we are in a better place today than we were yesterday.
This story by @matthewherper lays out the results and caveats clearly: statnews.com/2020/11/09/cov…
“There is no information yet on whether the vaccine prevents severe cases, the type that can cause hospitalization and death.
Nor is there any information yet on whether it prevents people from carrying the virus that causes Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, without symptoms.”
But the most important thing to remember in all of this is that an effective vaccine if it comes will only be one tool of many that we need to fight #covid19. Better therapeutics and diagnostics are needed just as urgently.
It is worth remembering also that this particular vaccine will not be easy to distribute globally. It needs to be transported and stored at -70 degrees C and immunization needs two shots. Efficacy is just one factor of many that make a great vaccine.
If anyone wants to read what exactly Pfizer says about the results, press release is here: pfizer.com/news/press-rel…
There is also a statement up from @CEPIvaccines CEO @DrRHatchett that makes the same point about cold chain requirements: cepi.net/news_cepi/cepi…
But Hatchett makes another, more hopeful point: “We believe these interim results also increase the probability of success of other COVID-19 candidate vaccines which use a similar approach [pre-fusion spike as their immunogen], including all of the vaccines in the CEPI portfolio”
„This vaccine could be more effective than we ever hoped for from the first generation of Covid-19 vaccines“, says @JeremyFarrar in first reaction. „It is important that we look closely at the data, and there are critical questions that remain to be answered.“
Farrar also emphasizes need for global solidarity: „The first doses of any effective vaccines must, however, be prioritised for those most in need across the world – this includes those at greatest risk of severe illness and frontline healthcare workers.“ Yes!
„This year has been unbelievably tough, and the coming weeks will still be exceptionally difficult, but these results remind us that this current situation is not forever...
...To help bring this pandemic under control we must continue to respect the current lockdown measures with this at the forefront of our minds.“
Entire statement: wellcome.ac.uk/press-release/…
I‘ll just keep adding good stuff to read to this thread. And that includes, as usual, @Dereklowe: blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archi…
And one more thread from @florian_krammer and I think you‘re all set...

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More from @kakape

10 Nov
This is important news too: Eli Lilly‘s monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab (that‘s the treatment Chris Christie received) has received an emergency use authorization in the US. Crucially this is not for hospitalized patients but for „mild-to-moderate #covid19“.
The data here is still thin. Decision is based on interim results from a phase 2 trial in which three different doses were tested against placebo. In all three bamlanivimab groups hospitalizations and ER visits were less likely than in placebo group.
And the cavets are important: This is an expensive drug given IV and giving it early in the disease course means giving it to a lot of people only some of whom really need it. Producing the drug would also be a bottleneck.
Read 5 tweets
7 Nov
Unsurprisingly, there is a sense of relief today across the political spectrum in Germany and I thought I’d give you a flavor of sentiments here:
“We want the West to play as a team again. Only as a team will we effectively assert our shared values worldwide and have the necessary clout.” Foreign Minister @HeikoMaas
“Joe Biden’s declaration as President-elect has sparked enormous relief, hope & joy in the US, in Germany & around the globe! ... Congrats America!”
@peteraltmaier, Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy.

Read 9 tweets
6 Nov
The #covid19 pandemic has set back immunization efforts around the world leaving children "more vulnerable to killer diseases like polio, measles and pneumonia”, says @drtedros at @WHO presser. “Now we’re starting to see outbreaks of these diseases."
@DrTedros @WHO WHO and @UNICEF are launching an emergency appeal to rapidly boost measles and polio vaccination, says @drtedros. "This is a global call to action for all donors to stay the course and not to turn their backs on the poorest and most marginalized children in their hour of need."
@DrTedros @WHO @UNICEF An estimated $655 million are needed to address immunization gaps in countries not eligible for @gavi funds, says @drtedros. "We need to turn the tide quickly and ensure no child is left behind."
Read 11 tweets
5 Nov
I suspect we can all use a tiny break from refreshing our browsers and since we’re thinking a lot about vaccines and vaccine delivery these days, let me share sth with you that I learnt recently about the world’s first vaccine, the smallpox vaccine and that kind of blew my mind.
Many of you know the story of Edward Jenner. In 1796 he took some liquid from a cowpox blister and scratched it into the arm of eight-year old James Phipps. Jenner later inoculated the boy with smallpox and Phipps did not get sick. This is usually seen as the first vaccination.
The reality is a bit more complicated. (For one it was probably horsepox not cowpox that Jenner used.) But that’s not the point. It’s how do you get from that one vaccination to vaccinating millions of people given that cowpox/horsepox was actually quite rare?
Read 16 tweets
3 Nov
Across Europe #covid19 cases are surging and the continent is shutting down again. Germany‘s second shutdown began yesterday, Austria‘s starts today, England is following on Thursday. How did we get here? What‘s the plan? Quick thread and my story here: sciencemag.org/news/2020/11/e…
First: What went wrong? Many ways to think about this. But to be clear: It was always going to be hard. I wrote about Europe‘s „dangerous“ path out of the lockdowns in April (science.sciencemag.org/content/368/64…). Consensus was it would be trial and error. We erred, but did we really try?
In April, @gmleunghku explained 3 dials governments had to keep transmission in check:
test, trace, isolate -TTI
border restrictions
physical distancing

TTI worked reasonably well in some European countries. Border restrictions: meh. Backbone of strategy was #physicaldistancing
Read 16 tweets
2 Nov
“I have been identified as the contact of someone who has tested positive for #covid19”, says @drtedros who is joining @WHO presser remotely today from his quarantine. “At this time, it's critically important that we all comply with health guidance."
@DrTedros @WHO “While many countries have brought #COVID19 under control cases in some countries in Europe and North America, continue to spike”, says @drtedros. “This is another critical moment for action, another critical moment for leaders to step up..."
@DrTedros @WHO "It's not too late”, says @DrTedros. "We all have a role to play in suppressing transmission. And we have seen across world, that it's possible."
Read 11 tweets

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