A paper I think about all the time: In an experiment where people are asked to sit quietly for 15 minutes & enjoy their thoughts or else self-administer ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ณ๐˜‚๐—น ๐—ฒ๐—น๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐˜€๐—ต๐—ผ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐˜€, 2/3 of men and 1/4 of women choose to shock themselves. erinwestgate.com/uploads/7/6/4/โ€ฆ
Also if you havenโ€™t read the fine print over the graph...
Everyone in the experiment had already had a chance to be shocked, so it wasnโ€™t new to them & they knew it hurt. The experiment is covered more in this neat summary of the research on thinking for pleasure - why itโ€™s good, and why we hate it. nickbuttrick.com/files/Advancesโ€ฆ
Taking time to reflect turns out to be a very good thing, even if we donโ€™t like to do it. Multiple experiments have shown it is a key to learning. For example, reflection increases retention (by 22% compared to just reviewing what you learned!) & leads to higher grades in school.

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More from @emollick

24 Oct
Scientists have always had a thing for Middle Earth. It has been the subject of many published academic journal articles, as well as some great analyses by scientists from their disciplines. Here are some good ones, the more elaborate the better... 1/n theatlantic.com/health/archiveโ€ฆ
Letโ€™s start with geology, and geologist & science fiction author @katsudonburiโ€™s issues with Tolkienโ€™s mountain ranges (written before plate tectonics was a known thing) 2/n tor.com/2017/08/01/tolโ€ฆ
And then there is this terrific map of the rocks of Middle Earth by a cosmogeologist 3/n
Read 8 tweets
17 Oct
People spend 15% of work in meetings (managers spend 50%!) & post-COVID meetings are up 14%. But we spend little time trying to make meetings better, despite the fact that there is a whole subfield of research on the topic! Here is a review of findings. researchgate.net/publication/32โ€ฆ ImageImageImage
Hereโ€™s the highlights as emoji:

Before the meeting...
โœ…only meet if needed
๐Ÿkeep meeting sizes as small as possible
๐ŸŽฏset clear goals & outcomes
๐Ÿ“„have an agenda that all review in advance
โฐmake it short & relevant to all invited 2/4
During the meeting...
โฑarrive on time
๐Ÿ“‹follow the agenda
๐Ÿ™‹โ€โ™€๏ธ๐Ÿ™‹โ€โ™‚๏ธeveryone participates
๐Ÿ’ป๐Ÿ“ฑnever multitask
โš”๏ธintervene if mood turns negative
๐Ÿคชhumor helps performance
๐Ÿ™…โ€โ™€๏ธleave time for objections
๐Ÿ—ณLet everyone help decision-making. If a decision is made, tell everyone
3/4
Read 4 tweets
15 Oct
A great example of borrowing innovation from one field for another. Doctors at a struggling children's hospital sent videos of their post-surgical hand-offs to Ferrari's F1 pit crew (see the GIF!) to improve. They reworked the process & reduced associated errors rates by 66%. 1/2
The diagrams show how the F1 crews used their techniques to help the surgery teams reorganize the surgery to ICU handoff. The paper is here: 2/2 asq.org/healthcare-useโ€ฆ ImageImage
The Youtube video for the original GIF of the Ferrari F1 pit crew is here, and it is worth watching it (or the GIF) multiple times, each time focusing on a different person doing their job with incredible speed and precision.
Read 4 tweets
11 Oct
Does it make the Mafia seem more or less cool when you know that it was created to control the market for lemons? After the discovery of citrus as a cure for scurvy there demand for Sicilian ๐Ÿ‹ went crazy. The Mafia was formed in response to a commodity boom to keep prices high.
The paper is here: cambridge.org/core/services/โ€ฆ

And, in the great tradition of economics papers, the title is a bit of an inside joke, referring to a very famous economics paper about the market for (metaphorical) lemons.
Read 4 tweets
24 Sep
Psychology experiments need to be able to get people to react emotionally very quickly. How do they do it? Movie clips! These are the scientifically vetted clips historically used to elicit emotion.

For fear ๐Ÿ˜ฑ the choice is pretty obvious. 1/4
For anger ๐Ÿ˜ก, either the police abuse scene from Cry Freedom (the clip isnโ€™t online) or else this scene from The Bodyguard 2/4
For sadness ๐Ÿ˜ญ this scene from The Champ even beats the death of Bambiโ€™s mother. 3/4
Read 4 tweets
22 Sep
How some sociologists think games might have stopped a Marxist revolution: a thread.

When people are bored at work, they play games. There is graffiti in the Pyramids suggesting that work was done on teams with names like "Drunkards of Menkaure," competing for extra beer. 1/n Image
In the grind of early 20th century factories, sociologists working undercover found games everywhere. See this passage from the famous "Banana Time" (the paper is a great read, since it is clear that the other workers were mocking Roy, who didn't get it) 2 faculty.knox.edu/fmcandre/roy-bโ€ฆ Image
Another undercover sociologist, Burawoy (working at the same factory as Roy, many years later), noticed something interesting: though games were seen as a time waster and act of rebellion by workers, they were often secretly tolerated by bosses. Why? 3/n Image
Read 4 tweets

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