Any healthy legal system is measured on yardstick of effective adjudicatory mechanism & the Judge-Population ratio. India amongst countries like US , UK & Canada has lowest Judge population ratio of 19 Judges per million population.
It was way back in year 2001 when #SupremeCourt in (All India Judges Association v Union of India) expressed concern and noted that this ration shall be increased to at least 50 per million population within five years but this has not happened even almost two decades later.
As per India Justice Report 2019 at all India level there is just one subordinate court judge for 50,000 people. It includes almost 17-19 large-sized states which assimilate 90% of population. The #vacancy rate is 37% in HC's as only 680 of 1049 sanctioned strength are occupied.
As per the report, there has been acute reluctance by govt. in budgetary allocation to the judiciary & then spending it on the courts actually. In the year 2015-16, only Delhi spent 1% of its allocated budget while nationally the spending is at of 0.8% on Judicial Infrastructure.
Senior Advocate of Madras HC, NL Rajah today in @the_hindu highlighted that denial to "access to justice" affects the quality of human life and poor judge-population ratio and ineffective budgetary allocation on Judiciary affects the standard of life of citizens.
With issue of public consultations on law-making once again making headlines due to the recently passed #FarmLaws2020, India's track record on public consultations (core of democracy & constitutional society) is poor and seems to be deteriorating.
Out of total 186 bills introduced in the Parliament b/w 2014-19, 90% bills never came up for public consultations or witnessed incomplete consultations. Draft Coastal Regulation Zone Notification 2019 and EIA 2020 are recent examples where the consultation process was bypassed.
Moreover, the number of bills being referred to Parliamentary Standing Committees have also dropped down drastically.
68 bills - 15th Lok Sabha
24 bills - 16th Lok Sabha
ZERO - 2020
This is despite India having a formal Pre-Legislative Consultative Policy (PLCP hereafter) 2014