Among the first gun laws in America outlawed giving guns to Native Americans.
Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York had similar laws.
2/ It was also a crime to give guns to Blacks. No surprise there, right?
Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Virginia had similar laws.
3/ And what about whites? They were required to carry guns.
I wonder why? 🤔 [Sarcasm. I know why]
To police the enslaved population and maintain white power.
4/ I also know why whites were required to carry guns to church.
Because the enslaved people figured out that the best time to escape or rebel was when all the white people were in church.
The white guns with guns called themselves citizen militias.
5/ In fact, it was the need for local militias to enforce the plantation system which gave us the Second Amendment.
Fact: The Second Amendment was demanded by slaveowners and written by a slaveowner.
Source for this next section, this⤵️ book by @mawaldman
6/ As the Constitution was being finalized, George Mason thought it needed a Bill of Rights. He said⤵️
Most of the others, however, didn’t think it necessary.
7/ They thought enough power resided in the states, and the institutional checks and balances would protect individual rights and the rights of states.
The states, however, disagreed.
Massachusetts, for example, wanted freedom of speech and religion protected.
8/ Slaveowners had their particular worry about a particular phrase in Article II. This one⤵️
They immediately saw how this would allow the federal government to end slavery — by commandeering and dismantling their militias.
9/ Patrick Henry in Virginia came right to the point:
Yes, he's the guy who said "Give me liberty or give me death," now discussing how to ensure that the Constitution didn't infringe on his right to own slaves.
Irony died a long time ago.
10/ Martin Luther, a slave owner in Maryland, observed that Congress could easily dismantle local militias⤵️
James Madison promised his fellow Virginian leaders that he would draft an amendment giving states control of their militias.
11/ The draft of the Second Amendment that Madison submitted to Congress (after the discussion with Patrick Henry and the others) looked like this⤵️
It was understood, of course, that "people" were white.
12/ Pennsylvania also wanted the right to bear arms. They wanted a local militia ready to fight the Native Americans.
When the Senate came up with the final version of the Second Amendment, they met in secret. We don't know how they settled on this language and syntax.
13/ @MarkFrassetto put together that incredible resource of early gun laws in America. Thank you.
Issue the framing of the question: Can a case of defamation be proven against Trump and pals?
For rule, we plug in the elements of defamation.
2/
To prove defamation, the plaintiff must meet 4 elements:
1) a false statement purporting to be fact, 2) publication or communication of that statement to a third person, 3) fault amounting to at least negligence, 4) damages, or some harm caused to plaintiffs.
3/
The elements of defamation claim:
🔹 a false statement purporting to be fact
🔹publication or communication of that statement to a third person
🔹fault amounting to at least negligence
🔹damages, or some harm caused to the person or entity who is the subject of the statement
I don't see why. The heightened standard in New York Times v. Sullivan doesn't apply.
News stations get no special treatment unless they're talking about public figures.
How the NRA helped get us into this mess, and how we can get out.
I read these two books⤵️ and I’m ready with a Twitter Book Report.
The NRA was founded in 1871 by a former Union general and a soldier who were appalled by the terrible marksmanship of Union soldiers.
2/ Before the Civil Rights movement, the NRA was an apolitical, gun safety group. Members were gun enthusiasts from both parties.
When the National Rife Act of 1934 was debated in Congress, the NRA lobbyist said this ⤵️
3/ Then after the Civil Rights movement, everything changed.
There was a power struggle within the NRA between the “old guard” and the radicalized extremists who advanced the [new] idea that “conservatism” meant unfettered access to guns.
Yes, this is dangerous--not because a military coup would succeed between now and Biden's inauguration (Biden will be president) but because a major political party and so many voters continue to back Trump.
The danger going forward is that so many voters are OK with this.
The end game is a successful disinformation campaign, by which I mean that a significant portion of the population either believes (or for political expediency pretends to believe) that Trump would have won the election if not for massive fraud.
A Pinochet-style military coup was more common in the 20th century.
21st-century would-be autocrats have an easier and less bloody method: They overthrow democracy by undermining truth and disrupting accurate dissemination of information.