Great article bc it feels a bit haphazard (by intention) and thus captures the confusion of the current status of vaccine rollouts across the world.

But I want to talk about a specific quote in the article...

1/x
sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/i…
Many scientists have been frustrated that UK extended time between vaccine doses to ~12 weeks - in effort to get as many people as possible at least a single dose.

This makes sense for optimizing public health. But for optimizing individual protection it is controversial.

2/x
One scientist in the article said:

“I wouldn't want to be sitting around for 12 weeks waiting for the second dose with the partially protective vaccine,”

Under normal optimal circumstances, this opinion might be the right opinion, but In midst of a pandemic, it is faulty..

3/x
Here, the scientist needs to consider the other side.

Sure, if youre the one w 1 dose already in your arm - yeah... you want the second dose

But what if you’re the person w 0 doses, while the other has 1 dose given and the 2nd is just sitting in the freezer for weeks.

4/x
We have to see this w a whole perspective. It’s just too easy to forget that optimizing individual responses may mean giving zero doses to half the ppl

This is another example where in a pandemic we must consider, first and foremost, population health over individual health

5/x
Optimizing public health over individual health however is not an explicit part of clinical medicine. It is engrained in clinic medicine to optimally treat the person in front of you.

This has been the focus of our entire (failing) response to this pandemic.

6/x
This is NOT to say that physicians should not optimally treat the person in front of them. They should!

It is why we need policy guidance that doesn’t put the physician in a position to decide whether to prioritize the person in front of them or the population at large.

7/x
And these are really really tough decisions - decisions that make sense for the whole but some times do not make the most sense for each individual.

Unfortunately sometimes public health has to be a bit more calculated in order to do what’s right for the most people.

8/x
During a severe pandemic crisis, public health decisions often must be based on imperfect information.

This is, plainly, incredibly uncomfortable and comes w risks.

But if we always wait for perfect information, we lose potential opportunities to save lives

9/x
So, UK is taking a step towards optimizing health of the most number of people.

Is it possible it could backfire? Yes.

But not vaccinating half of people while doses sit in freezers carries obvious known risks of infections and deaths of many people waiting for dose 1.

10/x
And there is no reason the effort cannot adapt. Similar to this current adaptation

If there is signal of people getting infections after dose 1 at a rate that suggests the benefits are not outweighing the costs, then the UK can adapt and immediately start giving 2nd doses

11/x
To conclude, my point is that whether it be rapid tests or vaccines, we should prioritize populations over individual

We’re learning each step & there’s no absolute right / wrong way - risks will be everywhere

IMO we should act w an eye on maximizing population health

12/12

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More from @michaelmina_lab

31 Dec 20
Dec 31 2020

Out-of-control spread of SARS-CoV2

Nearly 4000 #COVID19 deaths per day in US

Vacc are many months away for most ppl

Rapid paper strip tests *could* be in everyone’s home today to curb spread immediately

Write to your congress ppl and demand they be a priority

1/
We make it easy for you to do this and have collected signatures from leading scientists requesting congress act on these - Set aside funds that amount to <1% of the most recent stimulus bill to get these tests to everyone, quickly and for months.

Rapidtests.org
FDA / others think the populous is not capable of having simple tests at home & making responsible decisions

This is insane - plus we have expensive over the counter tests that require much technology - so I guess FDA feels the wealthy can use their own data but poor cannot. BS!
Read 5 tweets
30 Dec 20
UK has authorized AZ/Oxford vaccine.

Importantly: UK is leading the way in taking a bold public health approach (vs individual health) to getting the population vaccinated - Prioritizing distribution of 1 dose & delaying dose 2 up to 12 weeks.

1/x bbc.com/news/health-55…
This bold move is going to cause ppl to scrutinize the decision. But in this pandemic, too few governments have acted swiftly to limit spread - bc quick action sometimes means imperfect data.

Here, robust data isn’t likely available for a 12 week delay for dose 2

But...

2/x
This was a good decision that

a) need not be permanent and suggests the UKG is willing to think with agility here and

b) likely will be the better overall public health approach rather than letting doses sit in freezers while others die and

3/x
Read 10 tweets
30 Dec 20
PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT:

If a public health goal is detecting infectious ppl:

The most sensitive #COVID19 test in the world, if used rarely (ie 1x/month) is:

much LESS sensitive and LESS effective than a low sensitivity test used frequently.

Further...

1/x
If a very sensitive #COVID19 test has a 24 hour or more delay to return results, it quickly becomes:

LESS EFFECTIVE to stop spread of SARS-CoV-2 than a lower sensitivity test that gives results in minutes.

2/x
These are simple concepts when we start to look at testing not as a clinical diagnostic use, but for public health use to slow spread.

We discuss this here:

3/3

science.sciencemag.org/content/early/…
Read 5 tweets
26 Dec 20
THREAD

Data from Birmingham garnered LOTs of negative press about #COVID19 rapid Ag tests

The data

1) is very small, 8 positives
2) Shows EXACTLY what we expect, Rapid Ag tests detect infectious ppl, not super low PCR RNA

Overall, the conclusions IMO SUPPORT rapid tests

1/
We know that high PCR Ct values (very low RNA) above 30 are generally not culturable/not likely contagious

For context, a Ct value of 30 is ~99.999% lower RNA than peak RNA when most contagious.

The Rapid tests in the study appear to have a limit of ~30

2/
So, even when virus is culturable at Ct 30, it is much lower amt than peak virus titers/when most transmissible.

Plus, Missing a Ct of 30+ is most likely missing someone AFTER peak viral load and not before Bc the time spent around 30-35 is much longer after than before.

3/
Read 7 tweets
26 Dec 20
I feel frustrated to see me and my peers getting vaccinated ahead of essentially every high risk person on Earth.

We are generally low risk, have access to incredible healthcare, are mostly in upper echelons of wealth.

Incredible inequities.
Our systems are so broken.
When we proposed single dose vaccine trials - peers said it is unethical to give just single dose since we don’t know how it will work, in middle of pandemic

Unethical?? Ethics are global. Giving vaccines to the wealthiest, w access to PPE and least vulnerable first is unethical
(I did not actually sign up for my vaccine. But I could get it any time. Out of principle I will not get vaccinated first in line. It is not right for me to do so)
Read 6 tweets
24 Dec 20
THREAD

There is (rightly) concern about the variant SARS-CoV-2 strains. I want to talk about what this means for vaccines, our future, and why we MUST have contingency plans.

This thread is in response to many questions I've received.

1/24
First, Note: I'm not doing a deep dive on specific mutations. For that, see @angie_rasmussen @jbloom_lab @K_G_Andersen @BillHanage. I am an infectious disease immunologist / epidemiologist & study viruses/vaccines. So I'll speak from that perspective.

2/24
Second Note: I do not want this thread to be alarmist.

To put it upfront, the mutations thus far do not indicate a major evasion of immunity interfering w vaccines. However, the mutations should be a wake up call to action.

3/24
Read 26 tweets

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