Socio-economic outcomes (earnings, occupation, education) are highly persistent across generations in 🇦🇹 even as income inequality is low
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The paper discusses policies in 4 areas to boost social mobility:
1) Expanding quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) can promote upward mobility. ECEC participation rates in 🇦🇹 have risen over the last decade, but remain below those in many #OECD countries
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2) Supporting #youth with their school-to-work transition helps educational mobility. 🇦🇹 already does a lot in this area, but it could improve funding for disadvantaged schools and consider the appropriateness of "tracking" pupils in school at such a young age.
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3) #Gender inequalities in the labour market are large in 🇦🇹. Austria should raise incentives for a more equal sharing of family and work responsibilities in the areas of tax policy, parental leave and family and care benefits.
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4) #wealthinequality is a challenge for social mobility in 🇦🇹. Austria abolished its inheritance taxes, and bequests play a larger role for wealth accumulation than elsewhere. Austria should consider increasing recurrent property taxes and re-introducing inheritance taxes
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1) Even while millions of U.S. workers lost their jobs, aggregate salaries and wages have only declined a little, by 0.5% for March to November. Part of the story: the crisis impact has been highly unequal, and job and earnings losses disproportionally struck low-paid workers
2) Income support to unemployed workers has been huge: total income from unemployment benefits in the U.S. was 25x (!) higher for March to November than in the corresponding period in the previous year.