Gas tokens work by reducing the gas amount used by a transaction (gas refund).
The mechanics are as follows: a smart contract is created at a low gas price together with a token, which is then destroyed at a high gas price.
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Until recently, the most popular gas token was GST2.
Token creation and destruction peaked in March 2020, when the market reached a local bottom.
This peak can be explained by the widespread use of this token by arbitrageurs and 1inch.
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In May 2020, 1inch released a more optimized version of GST2 — CHI.
Due to the Summer of DeFi, gas prices rise, which provokes the tokens minting by speculative traders and arbitrageurs.
At the moment, CHI has already surpassed GST2 in popularity and is not going to stop.
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However, it’s not necessary to use tokens to receive a gas refund.
The main thing is to add the mechanics of creating and destroying contracts to any smart contract.
Many professional arbitrageurs are doing exactly this, reducing the gas amount to create smart contracts.
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Earlier concerns were raised that gas tokens could corner the Ethereum fee market.
But right now, less than half a percent of all gas is used for creating refund contracts, indicating an insufficient positive feedback-loop for negative consequences.
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At the same time, earnings on gas tokens are real.
There is a decent number of traders who issue and sell CHI tokens in a single transaction.
Also, during times of high gas price volatility, CHI is often traded below fair value.
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The gas refund is essential for on-chain traders to remain competitive, and the most successful ones are mentioned in this piece.
It is unlikely that after EIP-1559, something will change for traders since the fee still depends, among other things, on the gas spent.
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Let’s go back to Curve’s SynthSwap and use a real example to calculate the benefits of using it for large trades.
Due to the way Synthetix works, trades using Virtual Synths are divided into two transactions. Consequently, people using SynthSwap carry certain price risks.
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The first transaction: 1) 9M USDT swapped to 8.95M sUSD through Curve sUSD v2 pool (0.5% negative slippage) 2) 8.95M sUSD swapped to 6.69k sETH through Synthetix Exchange (0.3% fee)
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The second transaction took place 37 minutes after the first: 3) 6.69k sETH swapped to 6.71k ETH through Curve sETH pool (0.3% positive slippage)
So in this trade, ETH price was $1,341. For comparison, CoinGecko gives us $1,330.6 as ETH price, but what about the slippage?
Shortly, Curve will start supporting a new @synthetix_io feature - ‘Virtual Synths.’ Presumably, this will open the door to infinite liquidity for large trades.
Along with this, Synthetix Exchange had record trading volumes a few days ago.
But is everything so good?
2/6
A week and a half ago, @lawmaster noticed that all these volumes belong to a few specific addresses.
For some reason, these addresses were using the new ‘Multi-Collateral Loans’ feature, although they were not receiving any visible profits.
1/6 Currently, 49% of addresses eligible to claim $1INCH tokens have done so.
They took 75% of what was originally available on a $1INCH distributor smart contract. This is primarily because many big claimers are liquidity providers, and they needed to create markets.
2/6 The chart shows the distribution of the first actions which were taken by the wallet owners with all their 1INCH tokens.
Only 19% are holding tokens or stake them in the @1inchExchange ecosystem.
Almost 25% of wallets sold all their tokens at once after a claim.
3/6 29% transferred all their tokens to another address. This is because these are mainly additional user wallets.
The “Others” includes wallets that performed actions with parts of the claimed tokens, such as sending tokens to several addresses or selling them in parts.