Latest numbers from @my_helix SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.

Data on PCR test positives & SGTF (S-gene target failure) up to Feb 3.
Stats on sequences and B117 up to Jan 22.

Link: public.tableau.com/profile/helix6…

Thread on Florida and California
2/
For each graph, numbers are provided for each day and as 5-day moving average.

n SGTFs and n positives come from PCR tests -> based on large numbers.

n SGTFs seq & n B117 come from sequencing -> smaller numbers. => 5-day avg important for these to reduce noise
3/
Florida first
- latest avg (n SGTF) / (n positives): 8.6%
- latest avg (n B117) / (n SGTF seq): 78%

Extrapolating the seq data, estimate (likely under estimate) is: B117 represents 6.7% of positives

Trend 📈
4/
California
- latest avg (n SGTF) / (n positives): 2.83%
- latest avg (n B117) / (n SGTF seq): 76%

Extrapolating the seq data, estimate is: B117 represents 2.1% of positives.

Trend is up but still noisy.
5/
Also more and more B117 from the latest sequences in Georgia. We will keep monitoring.

Check out other states on the dashboard. Note: when the number of positives per day, we don't show (n SGTF) / (n positives) because it is too noisy.
6/
Map with number of non-SGTF sequences done as of Jan 22. All of these are already on GISAID or on their way. And you can also find a great visualization of where they fall on @nextstrain nextstrain.org/groups/neherla…

built by @firefoxx66
7/
Feedback is welcome.

Credit to many teams @my_helix @illumina @CDCgov .
@simonjwhite71 @Maglaar @genesareclever @ETCirulli @kellyschiabor

and to many scientists around the world for collaboration / help & discussions. @K_G_Andersen @ewanbirney

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More from @alexbolze

4 Feb
In @my_helix SARS-CoV-2 dashboard, we show that in Massachusetts, ~5% of positives are SGTF (= have del69/70). It has been consistent since November.

BUT, they are not B117. So what are these SGTF?

Majority are B.1.375.

More details in 🧵

public.tableau.com/profile/helix6…
B.1.375 is a SARS-CoV-2 variant with the following defining mutations:

Gene: protein change
ORF1a: T1828A
ORF1b: E1264D
ORF3a: T151I
Spike: del69/70 -> this is why it is a SGTF
M: I48V

Some details about the variant in this paper: virological.org/t/detection-of…
As far as I know, this is not a variant of concern.

In our sequences of SGTF samples, we also see this variant a lot in Florida. Following the fraction B1.1.7/B.1.375 in Florida over time will be informative to assess whether B.1.375 has any impact on transmissibility
Read 4 tweets
3 Feb
Update on @my_helix SARS-CoV-2 variant surveillance program.
Data from testing with n positives & SGTF (S-gene target failure)
Stats on sequences (SGTF & non-SGTF)
Stats on B117

Link: public.tableau.com/profile/helix6…

Thread with analyses in CA, FL, MA ...
2/
First, the dashboard is still focused on B117. Because B117 is more infectious & had large impact in many UK, Ireland, Denmark...

But, looking for other variants is also super important. covariants.org

=> we are increasing sequencing of random positives. see map Number of non-SGTF positives sequenced as of January 18. Num
3/
Back to SGTF & B117 analyses. Knowing there is a bias in selection, we estimate % of positives that are B117 by looking at 2 metrics:
- (n SGTF) / (n positives)
- (n B117) / n SGTF sequenced)

And all numbers are from positives with a N-gene Cq < 27.
Read 9 tweets
27 Jan
New data on the @my_helix SARS-CoV-2 dashboard, which is still focused on B117 variant.

Link: public.tableau.com/profile/helix6…

Thread with specific analysis in California & Florida.
2/ Methods

All numbers are based on positives with Ct<27 for N gene.

Tracking 2 metrics to estimate % of positives that are B117:
- (n SGTF) / (n positives)
- (n B117) / (n SGTF sequenced)

Latest sample collection date:
for SGTF: Jan 22
for sequencing: Jan 15
3/ CA results

Latest 7 day moving average:
- (n SGTF) / (n positives) ~ 0.015
- (n B117) / (n SGTF sequenced) ~ 0.95

estimate: 1.4% of positive cases in CA are B117. Trending up.

@EricTopol SGTF = S Gene Target Failure. This is due to a deletion in t
Read 6 tweets
21 Jan
Update. @my_helix launched a dashboard with our results re virus surveillance
So far, you can check trends in by states for:
- % of SGTF by positives
- Ns & % of B117

Link:
Tableau public.tableau.com/profile/helix6…

Helix web helix.com/pages/helix-co…

🧵 with results for CA, FL, MA...
2/
Methods:
ALL numbers are based on positives with Ct<27.

In real life, we return positive results for Ct≥27, but we only sequence (with @illumina) samples with more virus (Ct<27) to optimize seq success.

Still Ns analyzed are large. A couple thousands positives per day
3/
So far, our effort was focused on B117, which is established to be more contagious.

B117 causes SGTF (S gene target failure) in PCR test. But it is not the only variant to do so.

So 2 metrics are useful to track

- (n SGTF / n positives)
- (n B117 / n SGTF sequenced)
Read 10 tweets
1 Jan
Update 🧵 on @my_helix study on the B.1.1.7 variant in the US.

Summary:
- we sequenced 31 samples with S-gene drop out in US
- 4 were B.1.1.7
- 3 from CA, 1 from FL
- Pursuing seq effort with @illumina , & work with @CDCgov

Link: blog.helix.com/sars-cov-2-uk-…
2/

Context: a new strain of SARS-CoV-2, B.1.1.7, was identified in the UK, and has been shown to be more transmissible.

-> need to track & monitor the variant in the US

See this thread for our initial work re B.1.1.7
3/
Reminder:
- H69del/V70del variant present in B.1.1.7 likely leads to S gene drop out in RT-PCR assay.
- H69del/V70del is NOT unique to B.1.1.7. Frequent in other clusters (see pic. all of the green is NOT B1.1.7)

Need to sequence to know if S gene drop outs are B.1.1.7. https://nextstrain.org/groups/neherlab/ncov/S.H69-?c=gt-S_50
Read 13 tweets
24 Dec 20
A thread on S gene drop out patterns in SARS-CoV-2 tests done at @my_helix .

Summary:
- we observe S gene drop out since mid October in US. Up to 0.5% last week.
- more sequencing of the virus is needed in the US.

blog.helix.com/sars-cov2_uk-v…
2/
A new variant of SARS-CoV-2 named B.1.1.7 has been reported in the UK beginning of December, and is likely more transmissible.

Follow these experts: @firefoxx66 @jcbarret @richardneher to know the latest about the variant.

Also @CDCgov summary: cdc.gov/coronavirus/20…
3/
One key point is that the B.1.1.7 variant has not been identified in the US so far.

But the US is doing very little sequencing of the virus compared to the UK for example. So really, we need more information.
Read 14 tweets

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