Often I am seeing what is being classified as disinformation is done so based on output which leads to it being misclassified, the producers of content are sometimes just wrong, producing misinformation based on error/ideological thinking rather than deliberate falsehood.
This difference should REALLY matter to researchers and for policy... people need to be allowed to get things wrong. The response to this needs to be journalism, fact-checking, education but also listening to and addressing the real world cause of a deficit of trust.
Fuelling misinformation is the problem that there is good reason for distrust in government, politics, platforms, big corporations, media organizations -transparency and independent regulation is essential to restore trust inc influence industry firms that profit from it all.
Disinformation is a subcategory of propaganda and is not in the same world as misinformation, yet mis and dis are being treated like they are cognate issues. Wider propaganda campaigns within which 'dis' is one part, forgotten because of the focus on output over strategies.
Placing responsibility on the platforms over other actors responsible for the process, such as actors funding and producing the content makes any evaluation of this distinction - whether it is deliberate or not impossible.
Platforms certainly should be held responsible for the ability to amplify all such content. But currently working from the bottom up many are treating the issue of intent as irrelevant and the other actors responsible as too hard to factor in.
It's not good enough and it raises free speech issues (whether this is a private company space or not we all rely on these spaces and if you can't genuinely get things wrong...). It's really important to take a strong stance against those engaged in deliberate activities.
And at the moment this piece is largely ignored.

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More from @EmmaLBriant

27 Feb
US medicine containers confound me. They make regular stuff like aspirin impossible to get into, impenetrable to old folks, and then I buy the stuff you can make crack out of which you need ID to buy and it’s in super easy pop out pill packs.
It really makes no sense there seems to be no standardisation. The Sudafed stuff is super easy to get into the packs and that’s stuff that they’ve had problems controlling. And regular meds are impossible to get into. Why not do it the other way round?
Put the stuff that lunatics turn into drugs in the difficult packs?! 🤷🏻‍♀️ No idea!
Read 5 tweets
26 Feb
I don’t think anyone said ‘don’t engage with journalists’ and it’s unfortunate the reply doesn’t respond to much of my critique let alone speak to the experience of the excluded voices, ignored experiences and their real world delegitimising effects. However,
I’m glad to have this interesting conversation develop within the pages of @WIRED and the Twittersphere with you @pnhoward and I hope that others will also think about and engage with these questions of how we research the influence industry.
The economics & media values of journalism necessarily limit what it will look for / cover - this & opaque nature of the influence firms & their campaigns mean researchers can’t shy from hard to study aspects of the problem and must try and take them on in a robust academic way.
Read 4 tweets
21 Feb
I’d really love to know who made the executive decision in 2016 that all propaganda studies would focus narrowly in on would be #disinformation to the exclusion of a more sophisticated understanding of strategic and manipulative communication.
It’s become so monopolising that one must use it to engage with wider debates going on. Making one subcategory of propaganda a global obsession to the detriment of obscuring how it actually operates in relation to other mechanisms of propaganda is harmful to our understanding.
I’ve come to really hate the word, it’s restricting and skewing the progression of scholarship which needs to be helping us understand power and how it’s abused.
Read 13 tweets
21 Feb
They are probably hacked or phished or otherwise obtained by Russia or another adversary. Sometimes things can be doctored too. Not always easy to tell.
Sometimes hacks can be material that puts actual operations or people at risk. Some would argue that publishing on documents that have been obtained this way particularly if not careful with reporting/checking is helping foreign propagandists do their job.
Giving them oxygen etc... but once it is in the public domain I think there is a decent argument that it really needs good well informed interpretation. Because otherwise it will be used to polarise especially if only ill informed careless and highly ideological sites report it.
Read 8 tweets
21 Feb
Urgh... looking at recent Grayzone/Anonymous leaked information and ‘reporting’ - because such docs are important for me to be aware of. I want to say the perpetual frustration is that good reporters will not usually touch this stuff. So people who want 2 know about it will...
be inevitably drawn to the Grayzone/Blumenthal appalling analysis of it. We need strong national security reporting by people who understand it orgs with legal backing willing to explain these practices when they emerge and explain them well.
Critical & accurate - Grayzone is not. Often only source to go to tho - and it adds an ill-informed paranoid lens. People need 2 read about things entering the public domain & lack of strong outlets is dire and feeds both lack of scrutiny & misinfo.
Read 6 tweets
11 Feb
IMPORTANT THREAD ON DISINFO: I have working class roots. First hand knowledge of how difficult it is for working & vulnerable unemployed people to make improvements to their position. My attempts to understand power, both concrete and informational & how it shapes organization
of our world led me directly to study sociology, politics, international relations and propaganda as a positive/negative force. I needed to understand why people think and do as they do. My values preceded my education, as experiences of being rich and poor... that gulf
and differing cultures led me to be drawn toward left politics, social justice. I support the underdog our government should protect, I don’t support ignorance. I admire left wing intellectuals who have defined our thought on the basis of evidence... public scholarship.
Read 20 tweets

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