Thread by @IUIDfellowship

#idboardreview A family visited different U.S. states during a 1week vacation. Seam in hotel pools & waterpark. 8 days post trip, 2 family members had diarrhea. Dx? #medEd #idmedEd #idtwitter

#cryptosporidium cdc.gov/dpdx/monthlyca…

#Cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in the U.S. have been linked to swimming pools, water playgrounds, and other swimming venues; unpasteurized cider, juice, and milk; contact with animals; childcare settings; camps; and ill food handlers.

#cryptosporidium incubation period 7d (range 2–10d). Immunocompetent: self limited diarrhea 2–3 wk Immunocompromised: life-threatening malabsorption & wasting
small intestine is primarily affected, extraintestinal (pulmonary or biliary tract, rarely pancreas) has been reported

#cryptosporidium Acid-fast staining methods +/- stool concentration, are most frequently used in clinical laboratories. Immunofluorescence microscopy has greatest sensitivity & specificity, followed closely by enzyme immunoassays (EIA). PCR are increasingly used in reference lab

#Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts are rounded and measure 4.2 to 5.4 µm in diameter

#cryptosporidium malnutrition in kids in resource poor countries & chronic diarrhea PLWH
-Person to person & water borne transmission in wealthy countries
-mostly C hominis in humans but zoonotic C parvum also seen
-apicomplexan protozoan parasite

#cryptosporidium immunocompromised no treatment effective except treating underlying dz (ART in PLWH)
Nitazoxanide in immunocompetent host
-prevention: water treatment & hand hygiene