I've been looking at latest English data by age.

Cases in school age children are definitely going up while other age groups are flat or falling (slowly).

Some of this increase is undoubtedly because of mass lateral flow device testing rolled out to schools. But NOT all. 1/7
*Primary* school age kids are *not* getting routinely tested - tests are still symptom based. We see little change in cases week of 8th March but we start seeing quite rapid increase 14th March onwards.

This is consistent with increased spread since schools opened. 2/7
*Secondary* school age cases started going up around 8 March - when mass testing started.

But if it was *only* mass testing, then you'd expect cases to flatten the next week (15th March onwards), as similar number of LFDs done both weeks.

But cases keep going up. 3/7
We aren't seeing increases in adults. Note that most under 50s (inc many parents) haven't received a vaccine dose yet - so we'll see over next couple of weeks if we see an increase in this age group. 4/7
This is *not proof* of school transmission - but it is *consistent* with school transmission.

ONS infection survey and the Imperial REACT study will be important evidence either way. What happens in older age groups also important. 5/7
It was inevitable that there would be some increase in cases once schools opened - but how much increase is acceptable? What will happen if we add a lot more open stuff in a few weeks?

Easter holiday will help but is temporary. 6/7
I find it unbelievable that despite knowing Covid was airborne since last spring/summer, govt has done nothing to support schools improving ventilation in England in the last EIGHT months.

We could have, and still can, make schools safer. 7/7

thelancet.com/journals/lance…

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More from @chrischirp

26 Mar
THREAD on concerning variants in England:

Some signs that they are spreading - slowly and from very low numbers - but spreading nonetheless.

Why I think this and what it means - let's dive in: 1/13
The Kent strain (B117) has been over 90% of cases in England since mid-Jan. It is 30-50% more transmissible than the old Covid strain and so came to dominate over about 2 months.

All existing vaccines work brilliantly against B117. 2/13
Vaccines work less well against some other Covid strains.

Particularly concerning are the South Africa (B1351) and Brazil (P1) strains.

Public Health England is tracking these (& similar) variants and doing surge testing to try to contain them.

gov.uk/guidance/surge… 3/13
Read 13 tweets
22 Mar
THREAD: Boris Johnson is basically talking bollocks about the 3rd wave in Europe inevitably coming here and he must know it.

It's cynical opportunism to blame any resurgence in England on the European wave. It is frankly absurd. Here's why: 1/6

bbc.co.uk/news/amp/uk-po…
The Europe wave is not coming here *because we've already have it*.

Instead, it's taken two months for our "Kent" strain (B117) to spread across the EU and start a new wave there. OLD restrictions work on the OLD strain but NOT Kent. So cases go up as soon it is dominant. 2/6
If cases start steadily going up here it will be for one of two reasons (or both!):

1) As we found out in Dec, OLD mitigations don't work on B117. But opening up with OLD mitigations relying on vaccination to help keep cases down & chaotic mass testing (esp schools). 3/6
Read 7 tweets
20 Mar
THREAD on EUROPE:
Many headlines today about Europe's third wave, what it means for us and, in particular, international travel.

thetimes.co.uk/article/surge-…

Some thoughts about what it means... 1/11
Firstly, the current increases in Europe are because B117 (the Kent strain) has become dominant there - move than 70% in Denmark, NL, 50-70% in France, Belgium, Itlay, Germany & Austria. 2/11
As with us in Dec, they didn't act decisively to stop its spread - instead they've been in semi-restrictions (similar to our tier 3) - enough to bring *down* cases of old variant but not enough to stop B117.

B117 was only 5-10% in EU early Feb 3/11
Read 12 tweets
20 Mar
THREAD on SCHOOLS:

It's now 4 weeks since Scotland & Wales started a phased return to primary schools (secondary schools went back last week) & 2 weeks since all schools in England went back.

What is happening? 1/15
First let's look at Wales. They started sending young kids back to nursery and primary schools 22nd Feb. Older primary school kids & secondary school went back last week.

Wales publish new Covid incidents in schools - and (unsurprisingly) incidents are increasing. 2/15
Secondly, Scotland. There we have case data by age.

Primary school kids only get a test if they get symptoms. School staff can get tested without symptoms if they want. All positive cases from lateral flow device tests (LFDs) are PCR confirmed.

Testing has stayed flat. 3/15
Read 18 tweets
20 Mar
THREAD on vaccine effectiveness:

Public Health England released its updated report on real world effectiveness of Pfizer & AZ in England this week.
assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/upl…

I thought would be helpful to explain what they found...

TLDR: pretty good! 1/9
Firstly, both vaccines work almost equally well, so going to treat them as one in below.

Secondly, will focus on effect of ONE dose in OVER 80 year olds (most data!).

Effectiveness is higher in younger people and after second dose. 2/9
Right, so let's consider two lots of over 80s - 100,000 people in each group.

One group is unvaccinated and the other is more than two weeks out from their first dose.

(There seems very little real world protection for first two weeks after vaccination!!) 3/9
Read 10 tweets
17 Mar
THREAD on vaccination slowdown story:

TLDR: Don't panic!

Tonight a reduction is vaccine supply is being widely reported leading to a pause in rolling out vaccination to the under 50's... bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politi… 1/5
Basically, we gave about 11 million people their first dose mid Jan - mid Feb. They need their 2nd dose by end April.

We've been vaxxing about 2.5m/wk last few weeks, but let's say vax supply drops to about 2m/wk for April. Then we need ALL those doses to honour 2nd doses. 2/5
Once most of those are done, we can start rolling out vaccination to new people again (adults under 50) in May.

Assuming we can ramp up to 3.5m/wk from May, we can still offer everyone a 1st dose by mid July. 3/5
Read 6 tweets

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