We take a deep dive into all the different types of proxy records across many different climate variables (not just temperatures!):
We also take a look at the evolution of global temperature records based on proxies, both for the past 2000 years and the past 12,000:
The map is a ton of fun to explore, and has links to all study and underlying data for each proxy location based on the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive. This is the most interesting one I've found!
Also, kudos to the scientists who figures out this particular proxy...
Finally, a well-deserved thank you to the researchers who reviewed our draft and helped us assemble some of the data: @thirstygecko, @leafwax, and @paul_n_pearson.
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This is actually an interesting question: would a $45k purchase in bitcoin result in a emissions associated with a verifying a single bitcoin transaction (~0.4 tons) or the average CO2 per dollar equivalent of transactions (~2 kg CO2/$, so ~96 tons)?
This makes quite the difference; the former would reduce the benefits of switching from an ICE to a Tesla by around 1.5%, while the latter would make the Tesla 3x worse than an ICE vehicle!
Some claim we can never absolutely decouple economic growth from CO2.
However, the UK is an example of how emission reductions need not come at the expense of prosperity.
Since 1990, the UK's real GDP has increased 80%; at the same time, their emissions have fallen 50%.
And, yes, this just includes territorial emissions; some of the decline since 1990 is associated with offshoring.
But consumption emissions (e.g. from all goods consumed in the UK) have been falling just as rapidly as territorial emissions since 2007: carbonbrief.org/analysis-why-t…
Its not just the UK; here is my home state of California's economic growth and emissions since 1990:
Lying in the service of what you think is right is still lying. @ClimateOfGavin said nothing of the sort, and you should be ashamed for putting words in his mouth.
We can control the level of warming that occurs. While 1.5C is quite challenging, <2C is increasingly achievable.
Current policies adopted by countries put us on track for around 3ºC of warming by the end of the century, compared to the late 1800s. Including pledges and targets – such as those included in the Paris Agreement – brings this down to around 2.5ºC.
Countries representing around half of global emissions – including China – have pledged to reach net-zero by 2050 or 2060. If these longer term commitments are achieved, it would bring end-of-century warming down close to 2ºC.
One of the best parts about writing for @CarbonBrief is the ability to do in-depth explainers about complex climate and energy issues. Here are a few of my favorites that I worked on over the years.
In recent months three different deep decarbonization scenarios have been produced from high-resolution grid integration models. In a new analysis at @TheBTI, my colleague @erikolsonn and I look at lessons they provide about what is needed: thebreakthrough.org/issues/energy/…
A thread: 1/19
The three models we examine are Princeton's Net Zero America (NZA) project (by @JesseJenkins et al), the @VibrantCE Zero By Fifty scenario, and results by a team of researchers led by Jim Williams at USF. 2/
All three take a deep-dive into how US could reach net-zero emissions by 2050, down to level of where each new generating facility might be located, where transmission lines would be built, and how electricity sources can meet hourly demand in different regions of the country 3/
There is some truth in Gates's suggestion that making new clean energy tech cheap for can be more important than deploying existing clean tech.
But it neglects the fact that a big part of making clean tech cheap is deployment: driving economies of scale and learning-by-doing.
We should recognize the need to do both: accelerate the deployment of existing clean tech to further drive down costs (particularly for more nascent clean tech like EVs that are on the cusp of cost-competitiveness with fossil alternatives) AND dramatically scale up RD&D.