A new preprint "An emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutant (='the California variant', B.1.427/429) evading cellular immunity and increasing viral infectivity", from The G2P-Japan consortium, organized by my lab, is out at @biorxivpreprint. Please RT 1/7 biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
During the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that is devastating the modern societies worldwide, many variants that naturally acquire multiple mutations have emerged. Emerging mutations can affect viral properties such as infectivity and immune resistance. 2/7
The sensitivity of naturally occurring SARS-CoV-2 variants to 'humoral immunity (=neutralizing antibodies)' has recently been investigated. However, the impact of viral mutations to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted 'cellular immunity' remains unaddressed. 3/7
Please notice: we revealed that SARS-CoV-2 ORF3b, one of the most different genes compared to SARS-CoV, strongly hampers human type I IFN activation. Its inhibitory activity is stronger than the SARS-CoV ortholog and influenza A virus NS1. #COVID19 1/7 biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Our findings may explain the poor IFN responses in #COVID19 patients and SARS-CoV-2-infected cells compared to SARS-CoV- and influenza A virus-infected cells, recently reported by @DBM003@virusninja and so on, are attributed to the remarkable ability of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3b. 2/7
Additionally, we revealed that the ORF3b genes of SARS-CoV-2-related viruses in bats and pangolins are very similar to that of SARS-CoV-2 and possess the activity to inhibit IFN activation. 3/7