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Francis Villatoro

@emulenews

16 Apr

#arXiv Stellarators as a Fast Path to Fusion arxiv.org/abs/2104.04621 Seventeen years after the beginning of the fusion program, sentiments changed in 1968 when tokamaks were shown to have confinement properties far beyond those of any other fusion concept.

Nonetheless, the absence of robust stability was concerning since that had been known from early tokamak experiments. An invention is required for a tokamak to have sufficient passive stability for a power plant.

Is the stellarator the required invention that makes the least change in the fundamental concept? Stellarators are intrinsically strongly non-axisymmetric, which means careful design is required for adequate confinement; the power plant construction requires roughly five years.

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Francis Villatoro

@emulenews

14 Apr

#Nature An exceptional view of phase transitions in non-equilibrium systems nature.com/articles/d4158…
A mathematical approach involving features called exceptional points now solves the far-reaching problem of phase transitions in certain non-equilibrium systems.

Exceptional points —locations in the parameter space of a system at which two or more modes of the system coalesce into a single mode— successfully captures the behaviour of non-reciprocal phase transitions. An example is the non-reciprocal interactions between flocking birds.

Another example: materials could be developed that exhibit one-way elasticity — that is, in which mechanical waves propagate undisturbed in one direction, but are totally reflected in the opposite direction. Devices could be engineered to produce coherent phonons.

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Francis Villatoro

@emulenews

8 Apr

#Nature Quantum computer based on shuttling trapped ions nature.com/articles/d4158…
A microchip-based quantum computer has been built incorporating an architecture in which calculations are carried out by shuttling atomic ions (with excellent performance and potential scaling up).

"Trapped ions have delivered world records in reducing errors that occur in the operation of quantum gates used to carry out calculations, but many demonstrations have not been chip-based or have been accomplished with only 2–15 qubits."

"New prototype microchip-based, trapped-ion quantum computer [is] somewhat reminiscent of the Pac-Man video game: ions hover above the surface of the microchip and are moved along tracks by the adjustment of voltages applied to electrodes located on the chip surface."

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Francis Villatoro

@emulenews

24 Oct 20

#HiloParaCuriosos ¿Quién es la doctora Li-Meng Yan entrevistada en una televisión española? Habréis leído que es licenciada en medicina, doctora en oftalmología y que es "viróloga", aunque solo hizo un postdoctorado en inmunología vírica en Hong Kong (vacunas para la gripe).

La mayoría de los investigadores hoy en día tienen su curriculum vitae en ResearchGate. El de Limeng Yan está en researchgate.net/profile/Limeng… Como podéis comprobar ella recopila 10 artículos científicos entre Jul 2012 y May 2020, y un panfleto "científico" en Sep 2020.

Su primer artículo fue sobre radiología, daño por radiación en minicerdos con PET: Chi Chen, Li-Meng Yan, et al., "The diagnostic value of [¹⁸F]-FDG-PET/CT in hematopoietic radiation toxicity: a Tibet minipig model," Journal Radiation Research (July 2012) academic.oup.com/jrr/article/53…

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Francis Villatoro

@emulenews

12 Aug 20

¿Qué se sabe sobre la vacuna rusa? He consultado lo publicado en la web del Instituto Gamaleya gamaleya.org (está en ruso, pero Google traduce bien a inglés/español). Recomiendo las entrevistas a Logunov meduza.io/feature/2020/0… y Gintsburg minzdrav.gov.ru/news/2020/05/1…

Hay dos versiones de la vacuna: Gam-COVID-Vac (versión líquida, más fácil de fabricar, pero que requiere transporte por cadena de frío a 16ºC) y Gam-COVID-Vac Lyo (versión en polvo, más difícil y costosa de fabricar); ambasse inyectan vía intramuscular.

Se han probado en sendos ensayos de fase 1/2 con 38 voluntarios cada una con edades entre 30 y 60 años. Según la web ClinicalTrials.org usan dos adenovirus humanos, uno de tipo 5 (rAd5) y otro de tipo 26 (rAd26); en ambos ensayos 9 voluntarios han sido vacunados con rAd5,

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Francis Villatoro

@emulenews

5 Aug 20

#Nature How the COVID-19 pandemic might play out in 2021 and beyond. This coronavirus is here for the long haul — here’s what scientists predict for the next months and years. nature.com/articles/d4158…
COVID-19 is here to stay, but future depends on a lot of unknowns.

"If immunity to the virus lasts less than a year, for example, similar to other human coronaviruses in circulation, there could be annual surges in COVID-19 infections through to 2025 and beyond. But there is hopeful news as lockdowns ease."

"If 50–65% of people are cautious in public, then stepping down social-distancing measures every 80 days could help to prevent further infection peaks over the next two years. We’re going to need to change the culture of how we interact with other people."

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