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Mac n’ Chise 🧬🦠🧫 Profile picture
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28 Apr, 4 tweets, 2 min read
Wonderful news this morning! A study out of PHE shows 38-49% relative reduction in transmission in breakthrough cases after just ONE dose of Pfizer or AstraZeneca’s vaccine. This, on top of infection effectiveness, gives 75-82% effective transmission reduction from just ONE dose!
And here is the paper! Thank you for the heads up @fact_covid!
khub.net/documents/1359…
To put it another way: those who received their 1st dose of either Pfizer's or AstraZeneca’s vaccine and who became infected 3 weeks later were between 38% and 49% LESS likely to pass the virus on than unvaccinated individuals, this being on top of a reduction of at least 60-65%
of facing symptomatic infection in the first place (four weeks after one dose of either vaccine). The vaccines are great. For simplified reading: bbc.com/news/health-56…

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More from @sailorrooscout

Mac n’ Chise 🧬🦠🧫 Profile picture
27 Apr
The CDC has updated its guidelines on masks for vaccinated individuals outdoors. Vaccinated individuals in the U.S. no longer need to wear masks outdoors in small groups, when biking or running alone and when dining outside.
The guidance also says even unvaccinated individuals may go without masks when walking, jogging or biking outdoors with household members. However, officials caution that crowded outdoor settings still pose risks and urge everyone- both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals-to
wear masks when attending sporting events, live performances and parades. Please remember, full vaccination is considered 14 days after your 2nd dose (two dose vaccine) or 14 days after your one dose vaccine. Please see full guidelines here:
apple.news/AYuIVCvRGTUitK…
Read 5 tweets
Mac n’ Chise 🧬🦠🧫 Profile picture
26 Apr
Let’s discuss a couple of things.
Firstly, vaccines DO NOT “promote mutations.” This is very dangerous and misleading. The only way mutation occurs is when a virus replicates. Vaccination means no infection. No infection means no replication. No replication means no new variants!
Viruses need hosts to mutate. Protect the host and they can’t mutate. Simple right? OH wait. B-but non-sterilizing immunity, Chise! Oh, say it isn’t so! Aren’t we worried about it selecting for variants that could evade SOME immune responses? Um, no. Why? Because...
ALL THE REAL-WORLD data shows this does not happen in fully vaccinated individuals. There isn’t a variant present that has evaded vaccine-induced immune responses. But what about breakthrough infections? Oh yes, let’s discuss those because an argument in this thread is made
Read 11 tweets
Mac n’ Chise 🧬🦠🧫 Profile picture
26 Apr
Cell-mediated immunity wins! A new study highlights the robust nature and kinetics of T-cell priming by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Why does this matter? Long-term antiviral immunity that is likely to ensure lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection!
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Firstly, T-cells that specifically respond to SARS-CoV-2 DO get activated by these vaccines! Researchers saw priming of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells with mRNA vaccination. CD4+ response wasn’t only rapid, it was universal. All participants responded after their 1st dose regardless
of whether or not they had a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. CD4+ T-cells are considered "helper" cells because they do not neutralize infections but rather trigger the body's response to infections. CD8+ response developed more gradually. CD8+ T-cells, also known as "killer T-
Read 14 tweets
Mac n’ Chise 🧬🦠🧫 Profile picture
21 Apr
The Indian Council of Medical Research in New Delhi announced today that Covaxin, their inactivated virus-based COVID-19 vaccine being developed with Bharat Biotech effectively neutralizes several variants of concern as well as variant B.1.617!
hindustantimes.com/india-news/icm…
Covaxin shows 78% overall interim efficacy, 100% efficacy against severe COVID. Latest update from today: timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/covaxin-…
While we wait for the data from the ICMR study on the variants you can find out more about the vaccine here: bmj.com/content/373/bm…
Latest report on breakthrough infections. 2-4/10,000 breakthrough infections have been reported from Covaxin and Covishield. This is super encouraging when we look at these numbers. Thank you @getmefive & @munna_jajbati for the heads up!
Read 4 tweets
Mac n’ Chise 🧬🦠🧫 Profile picture
19 Apr
Let’s talk about B.1.617. It is unlikely it will be able to evade vaccine-induced immunity. Why?

•Vaccines are polyclonal (Abs)
•Mutations compared to VOCs
•CD8+ T-cells covering 52 epitopes across the spike protein
•CD4+ T-cells covering 23 epitopes across the spike protein
Concerning mutations, our attention is focused on E484Q and L452R. While both these mutations have shown evidence of reduced neutralization (in monoclonal antibodies mind you), we have to remember something vital: Vaccines are polyclonal! Unlike monoclonal antibody therapies,
vaccines make polyclonal antibody responses and involve T-cell responses. This means that the antibodies you make after vaccination will be able to bind the coronavirus spike in multiple places, not just one. With this in mind, it is unlikely variants will truly “escape” them.
Read 11 tweets
Mac n’ Chise 🧬🦠🧫 Profile picture
16 Apr
Time for some fun. I wanted to make a thread with all my characters I’ve developed. One day, I would love to use them to help spread knowledge and awareness. I can dream, right? Science relies on some creativity after all! 🧫🦠🧬🔬🥼
First up is Chise. A Pine Marten who values knowledge, adventure, and all things sweet like tea with honey (Sorry, I LOVE honey). You’ll frequently see her wearing a lab coat and sharing some information related to science. 🍯🌸🔬🥼🦠 Image
Next is Karasu. A shy but extremely thoughtful Bone Bird no less, who really enjoys the cold weather and tea. Oh, and fish. Lots of fish. You’ll become their best friend if you give them a fresh one. 🍵❄️🐡🐠🐟 Image
Read 4 tweets

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