Another interesting but impossible to interpret question fro the IGM forum on "The current combination of US fiscal and monetary policy poses a serious risk of prolonged higher inflation."

What is "serious risk" and "prolonged higher inflation"?

igmchicago.org/surveys/overhe…
Inflation was below the Fed's 2% target for a long time before this crisis. If it is 2% after this crisis that would be "prolonged higher inflation" but almost everyone would agree it was good. If this is what I thought should I answer yes or no to the question?
What if I think inflation will rise to 3% but that is a better rate than the 2% target? How should I answer the question?
Finally, a number of the people appear to disagree because they expect the Fed to follow a path that is different than what the Fed is currently saying it will do. (For the record, I fully expect the Fed not to do what it is currently saying it will do.)
Would love more quantitative questions from the IGM with numbers and probabilities.

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More from @jasonfurman

10 Jun
We have had more inflation in the first 5 months of this year than most forecasters expected for the full year. How should we revise our forecasts? Not obvious:

1. Expect less (or even negative) inflation going forward.

2. Only getting started (expect more going forward).

A 🧵
FIRST VIEW is based on mean reversion. A lot of the inflation we have seen is in specific categories like vehicles, travel and restaurants. Some of those increases could reverse and others could level off. This is a striking illustration of that.
Going for this view is the fact that I believe there is a very likely case for substantially faster job growth going forward so the supply-side of the economy could start catching up with the demand side.
Read 11 tweets
10 Jun
Nominal wages are about 0.9% above their pre-pandemic trend. BUT prices are about 1.4% above their pre-pandemic trend. So as of May real wages were down--with the notable exceptions of financial activities and leisure and hospitality.

(Caveat: some data kludge, see below.) Image
This is as of May, could easily change, potentially by a lot in coming months, depending on what happens to nominal wages and nominal prices.

Hopeful story: there is more of a story of mean reversion in prices (i.e., many *way* above normal and will come down) than in wages.
The data kludge caveat: the average hourly earnings data is seriously distorted by composition effects (low wage workers not back). The ECI data adjusts for this composition but only goes through March. So I used ECI through March and AHE to extend to May. Introduces some error.
Read 4 tweets
9 Jun
My thinking:

1. People's 90% confidence intervals are systematically too small (as in, stuff happens outside them more than 90% of the time).

2. Especially true of economic forecasters (how many jobs numbers in the last 15 months were outside your 90% confidence interval?)
3. This year two types of uncertainty are much larger than usual: (a) the virus could mutate and escape the vaccine and (b) our combination of positive demand and supply shocks plus reallocation is way out of our sample.
As for the numbers, I would think a 5%+ chance we have mandatory social distancing in December. Last time around prices fell 0.8% in a two month period. Plus add in all of the other randomness and unforeseeable events.
Read 5 tweets
8 Jun
The speed limit view of job creation is greatly overstated. Here are the fastest periods of six-month job growth in the United States since 1950 (scaled to today's job level)

We can and likely will do much better than 500K or 600K per month.

Slightly more nuanced 🧵follows. Image
These examples are a long time ago but I would argue conditions are better for job creation now than ever before:

--Huge stimulus

--Highest opening rate ever recorded

--A large number of unemployed

--People getting vaccinated, COVID coming down, policy restraints ending.
Moreover, the rate of people finding jobs is notably low right now as @p_ganong points out. If it was just normal we would be adding an extra 500,000 jobs a month give or take.

Read 11 tweets
8 Jun
The age composition of employment changes is interesting, I haven't all my thoughts together on it so sharing while I continue to scratch my head. And any thoughts most welcome.

A short 🧵
Teen employment is stunning. It is already above its pre-pandemic rate. Also:

--The unemployment rate is the lowest since the 1960s (lowest ever for Black)

--40% of the job gains in the last two months were age 16-19 (4% of the population)
Hard to be sure what it means given that these data are very noisy & disaggregating more would run into seasonal adjustment issues. But some factors may be: reduced immigration, shift to online schooling or increased time off from school, and many of them are not eligible for UI.
Read 6 tweets
8 Jun
How to forecast inflation? Four approaches, different answers from each:

1. Micro: component-by-component
2. Macro: slack
3. Macro: quantity theory
4. Macro: nominal GDP - real GDP

A 🧵 on thinking about these.
MICRO: COMPONENT-BY-COMPONENT. Some people are skilled/experienced at this, I'm not one of them. For example, might think used car prices temporarily spiked and will fall when the temporary bottleneck ends up airfares still need to rise.
This can be very useful for shorter-run forecasting but ultimately the microeconomic stories can only tell you about relative prices.

Two countries, one might have 1% average inflation and the other 10% average inflation and no micro story can distinguish them.
Read 16 tweets

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