Not aware of studies, but I've written/talked about (Lincoln Project podcast) the "proxy phenomenon":
A transition from people acting as a proxy in an ideological war....to ideology becoming a proxy in those people's personal wars with ideological/political/personal enemies…1/
We’ve seen this repeatedly during the Trump era, where people not only wage personal wars, but internalize Trump’s pathological persecution/grievance complexes, and therefore become radicalized in their compulsion to wage war in Trump’s name/honor. 6/
The January 6th insurrection in was an expansion of online hate/attacks (Parler/radical chatrooms/Trump's own tweets) to offline reality that may have resulted in violence (“hang Mike Pence” chants) against Pence/Romney/congressional Democrats....8/
An addiction model may actually explain tribalism, confirmation bias, and even conspiracy theories/Qanon. Let’s unpack….
Several years ago I started observing the parallels between addiction and political tribalism as marriages/friendships/families imploded over politics….1/
Specifically, I started noticing the parallels between the effect that addiction has on relationships when those relationships (interventions) threaten the continuation of the addictive behavior/activity.
Basically,….2/
…when confronted with a threat to the addiction, the addict will often cut the loved one out of their life, rather than cut out the addictive behavior.
This has occurred countless times over the last 5 years as people have cut family/friends out of their lives over politics. 3/
...Carlson's go to moves: use actions the Right is engaging in to create a false equivalency...which paints the Right as the "victims"....and then retroactively "justifies" the Right's initial egregious actions.
...I laid out a road map describing how Trump would manipulate/gaslight the election results to incite his base. Basically, it included
1.Create pathologically unrealistic expectations
2.Lie about the results
3.Incite people to react violently