Alcohol is a perfect example of how two substances can interact, even after they are consumed

On it's own alcohol fails to induce severe liver damage when fed to animals as 25-30% of their dietary calories...
However, when it's combined with polyunsaturated fats the animals develop liver scarring and fail to recover even after the alcohol is removed

In a separate group where the polyunsaturated fats are swapped for saturated fats after the alcohol is removed, the liver heals rapidly
Multiple variations of this experiment have been tested with the same results

I've also come across one studying correlating reversal of this liver disease incidence with swapping dietary unsaturated fat for saturated fat
What concerns me here is that polyunsaturated fats are the primary fats/oils consumed in the average American's diet

Even oils that are healthy in isolation may become problematic when consumed in tandem with alcohol, especially in large amounts, or in the context of fried foods
Here are the studies if anyone is interested:

pmid.us/7615205

pmid.us/16108051

pmid.us/15051845
This tweet by @Mangan150 reminded me of this research

To what extent this effect carries over into humans is unclear, but this seems to suggest anecdotally that it does, as Mangan advises against PUFA consumption in his clients
In my opinion it would be easier to just remove the alcohol in most cases, but there are definitely some cases like severe alcoholism where knowledge of this interaction would be beneficial regardless

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More from @ck_eternity_

7 Jul
Serotonin plays just as much of a role in promoting adaptability as it does in emotion

Low serotonin states are characterized by ritualistic tendencies, perfectionism, and less openess to new ideas and experiences
Many low-serotonin individuals may still be highly successful at school or work, but without much emotional fulfillment from it

Low serotonin is also commonly seen in anxiety, depression, OCD, and autism, so it's common to experience inner stress despite appearing functional
This "functional depression" also seems to play a role in how suicidal tendencies go unnoticed

All that said, it's important to note that serotonin is NOT the end all be all of depression, and may not even be the primary underlying factor in most mental disorders
Read 4 tweets
22 Jun
REM sleep is characterized by little to no physical movement, but a higher level of mental activity

Non-REM sleep is characterized by more physical movement, but the least amount of mental activity experienced at any point during the day
REM sleep is the more "restful" of the two, and is governed by a variety of neurotransmitters including dopamine, serotonin, GABA, and especially acetylcholine

Lower levels of acetylcholine are seen during aging and seem to parallel decreased ability to enter REM sleep
Acetylcholine governs key aspects of learning, memory, and neuroplasticity, and lower levels of it are also why they implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Dementia

Many neuroprotective herbs/supplements increase acetylcholine by inhibiting its breakdown
Read 4 tweets
18 Jun
The microbiome is a hologram overlaying a bacterial ecosystem
We've known for decades now that bacteria communicate using different light emission, and this is likely one of the purposes for which photoreceptors first evolved

As such, any large mass of bacteria is essentially a three dimensional web of organized light
On top of that, the light that sells emit is coherent light, essentially a laser, as light is captured, organized, and re-emitted by the nucleus

This light is produced as a byproduct of free radical decay, but the nucleus is essential for it to be concentrated enough to emit
Read 6 tweets
16 Jun
Frequency of alcohol consumption has as much of an impact on glutamate production as amount

Consuming 2-3 drinks every couple days will cause milder but more prolonged glutamate upregulation, while binging 10+ drinks once a month will cause severe but short term glutamate spikes
This is the main driver of alcohol tolerance over time

Since alcohol potently suppresses glutamate signalling (mimicking GABA), the brain over compensates with increased glutamate production

This is also what makes alcohol withdrawal directly neurotoxic with a seizure component
If you have an alcohol tolerance your glutamate production is at a higher than normal baseline

This often has a powerful negative impact on mental health, especially anxiety and depression

Alcohol consumption feels better short term, but accumulates toxicity over time
Read 6 tweets
9 Jun
Antibiotics are often given to cows by farmers to promote weight gain, as they rely on gut bacteria to clear carbs before absorption

We know antibiotic use has some association with low microbiome diversity in humans, could this contribute to obesity?
The caveat here is that ruminants rely on bacteria for digestion much more heavily than humans, getting most of their calories from short-chain fatty acids fermented from fiber in their stomachs

However, the link between antibiotic use and obesity does seem to carry over
This study found more than 1 antibiotic treatment in the first year or two of a child's life associated with higher obesity risk
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29359849/
Read 6 tweets
7 Jun
CHOLESTEROL AND HEART DISEASE

The last few months I've been researching cholesterol and heart disease extensively, including interviewing various experts in the field, in this thread I'll be summarizing my findings and opinions

THREAD //
Before I begin, I want to make it clear that I'm not here to debate anyone

This is a controversial subject in many ways, but I've approached this with an open mind and will be including studies to support my positions

If you disagree with me, that's fine, to each their own
I also will not be speaking on heart disease medications like statins

I think there are pros and cons of any drug/medication, and at this point I have not researched these drugs in enough depth to put out an opinion on their use

Now without further ado, let's jump right in
Read 42 tweets

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