Seems like a confound in audit studies is that people might assume (wrongly or rightly) that a white kid who got into a school did NOT benefit from affirmative action whereas a black kid did, and so might see the black kid's degree as a noisier signal.
Now, that belief might itself be racist, but it's worth teasing out the different kinds of racism involved here so that we can understand actually what beliefs and attitudes are in play.
The belief, "I dislike blacks so much I won't hire them even if qualified" is different from the belief, "Nothing against black people, but I suspect the credential this person got is inflated, because School X practices very aggressive affirmative action."
A key difference here is the second argument can be rebutted with stuff like, "Yes, true, however, white students are disproportionately likely to be athletes and legacies, who may also not be highly academically qualified. So no reason to disfavor black applicants!"
But that argument would be irrelevant to the first belief, which is just first-order animus.
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Before COVID, nobody laughed at the CDC saying stuff like “the age of infectious disease is over.” The CDC was rapidly expanding its focus on non-communicable diseases and we all got to live this easy happy life where we never had to worry about it.
This period of frivolous decadence, vanity, and callous disregard for human life is over. The truth is that since the 1980s, we have seen a very large increase in novel infectious diseases arising, and the number of potential threats is rising fast too.
We are probably re-entering a period where infectious disease is gonna be a more frequent issue. If it’s not SARS or MERS or COVID or Ebola or AIDS it’ll be something else: resistant tuberculosis, for example.
the correct way to order medals is to multiply the (Number of Competitors in Event) / (Number of Competitors In Event From Country X) by 3 for a gold, 2 for silver, 1 for bronze, and use that as "medal points."
Because countries have different numbers of competitors qualifying for each event and because events themselves have different numbers of qualifying participants the actual extent of competition in events varies. Golds are not in fact equally impressive in all events.
An argument could be made against penalizing a country for having more entrants since they still had to qualify, however participating in the Olympics is not *purely* on merit.
Sports are corrupt. I don't mean corrupting, I mean sporting institutions at almost all levels are corrupt. High school sports are corrupt in their recruiting of kids; you don't get shady recruitment for math class.
College sports are corrupt: witness the admission buying scandal, or else look at the non-criminal ways wealthy kids get into prestigious schools as "athletes."
Professional sports are corrupt: hello taxpayer financed stadium deals!
The reason you should be skeptical of these studies is it’s not like men have more hours of the day, and comparing coupled men and women and coupled parents we know that men have virtually sleep+leisure time… so there’s gotta be work not classified as such.
The exact issue varies. Sometimes what’s happening is men’s contribution to yard work is not counted as house work. Sometimes commuting isn’t counted. Sometimes there are no demographic controls so it’s just prevalence of single parents driving the result.
But the reality is that in apples to apples comparisons men and women have extremely small differences in their “total work commitments.” And the higher prevalence of single moms than single dads is not ONLY about deadbeat dads, but also…