2 weeks ago, I tweeted that I was worried about South Dakota

With implications far beyond SD

My concern?

South Dakota has VERY high population immunity

But they were hosting Sturgis rally

Which would be a test

Well?

Test results are in

And its not great

Thread
Below is the original picture from my thread from August 12

It showed persistently LOW levels of infection in SD compared to neighbors

Because SD has so much population immunity

Probably 75-80%!

But Sturgis rally was happening

So question was

What would happen next?

2/6
Fundamentally, the question was:

Can a place with 75-80% immunity manage a mass gathering with no masking, distancing and very few vaccinated folks?

Well, the data are in

And its not good for SD -- or any of us

In just 2 weeks?

Infection numbers have shot up nearly 600%

3/6
Of course, Sturgis was never just about SD

People come from all over and return home

So we'll see large effects in neighboring states

But the broader lesson?

That 75% population immunity is not enough to hold mass gatherings like Sturgis

nbcnews.com/news/us-news/s…

4/6
And nationally, we're well below 75%

So without a lot more vaccinations (or infections)

We remain vulnerable to gatherings like Sturgis

One more point

Last year Sturgis set off a wave of infections that likely killed thousands

This year we should have known better

5/6
2 weeks ago I wrote why we need to be watching SD

Hoping high population immunity might protect it

It appears if you want to host mass rally with no masking, no distancing, large indoor gatherings

You need way more immunity

Fin

p.s. original thread

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More from @ashishkjha

17 Sep
People concerned if we give 3rd shots (booster) to Americans

it'll mean fewer shots for the many unvaccinated folks in the world

Sounds right

But reality is more complicated

In the short run, I think we can boost the elderly largely with vaccines we can't send abroad

Thread
As of today, we have 80 million doses distributed to states

They are sitting in pharmacies, doctors' offices, hospitals

It is not possible to go collect those doses, pack them up, and ship them to another nation

No country would accept them

So we have to use them here

2/4
They all have limited shelf life

We are using about 0.77M doses/day

And at current pace, it'd take 104 days to use up doses already distributed

Many of these doses will expire before then

Does that mean we should start boosting to avoid wasting doses?

Of course not

3/5
Read 6 tweets
15 Sep
President Biden quoted @DLeonhardt

Suggesting daily risk of breakthrough infection among vaccinated folks about 1 in 5,000

Is that a lot?

Well, that would be 36,000 breakthrough infections daily

Seems bad!

So if you're vaccinated, should you worry?

Not really

Short thread
What does 36K infections mean in terms of hospitalizations, deaths?

Among UNvaccinated, about 1 in 20 infections lead to hospitalization and 1 in 200 lead to death

Vaccines cut risk of each by 90%

Which means daily, 180 vaccinated folks getting hospitalized and about 18 dying
Instead of IFR, what if we applied CFR?

That's 1.2% for unvaxxed, about 0.12% for vaxxed

Would mean 40 deaths a day

So how bad is 18 (or even 40) deaths a day?

After accounting for proportion of population vaccinated

Its lower than daily deaths in an avg flu season

4/5
Read 6 tweets
12 Sep
Quick update on the state of the pandemic in the US

The fourth wave has peaked and is turning down

The downturn is broad-based

What happens next is up to us

So lets start with where we are

Infections down about 10% from the peak

Deaths will turn around soon as well

Thread
Beyond the national picture, its always worth looking at the Big 4: CA, TX, FL, and NY

Together, about 1 in 3 Americans live here

And they are geographically and politically dispersed

So what do we see?

FL, CA turning down

NY flat

and TX rising, but slowly

All good
I often next go to @CovidActNow to quantify what we see

Their estimates of Rt -- infection rate

Here again, you see Rt <1 in FL, CA, at 1.0 in NY, and slightly above 1 in TX

Though PA and OH worry me

But overall Rt <1.1 in about 35 states

So that's good

3/6
Read 9 tweets
11 Sep
Late night of September 10, 2001, I landed at Dulles airport. Had flown in from San Francisco

I had a 9 am meeting the next day

A joint VA / DOD meeting about improving preventive care for veterans and members of the military

The meeting was to be held at the Pentagon

Thread
Had booked a hotel next to the Pentagon in Crystal City

Getting off the plane, I realized meeting had been moved

Construction at the Pentagon so meeting was moved to VA headquarters, near the White House

Next morning at 9:10, meeting began and beepers started going off

2/5
All the DOD personnel left

By 9:30, meeting was adjourned and we evacuated the building

I walked out and strolled towards the White House, was stopped by police

Standing around, heard that WTC had been attacked

My mom, brother were in lower Manhattan near WTC that day

3/5
Read 7 tweets
10 Sep
If you are vaccinated, why should you care if there are a lot of unvaccinated folks?

After all vaccines are really protective, right?

Yes, vaccines are really protective

But what happens to unvaccinated folks affects us all

Why we have to get more people vaccinated

Thread
So if you are fully vaccinated, why should you care?

1. Hospitals full of unvaccinated COVID-19 patients

Don't have room for people who have appendicitis, heart attacks, or a car accident

2. Spikes in cases shut down schools, which is terrible for kids and parents

2/4
3. Raging infections shut down restaurants, stores, make it hard for folks to get people back to offices

4. High infection rates put vulnerable people who can't get immunity at risk

Pandemics sicken and kill a lot of people

But they also disrupt the social fabric

3/4
Read 5 tweets
9 Sep
I'm pretty thrilled with @potus announcement today

COVID is killing 1500 Americans. Every. Day.

We have the tools to defeat COVID

1. Driving vaccinations

This is not about mandates

This is about creating safe work, hospitals, schools, houses of worship

Thread
2. Testing: this is a VERY big deal

We have way underestimated the power of rapid, frequent, ubiquitous testing

Ramping up testing is exactly what our nation needs

3. Boosters -- President says we need a plan for 3rd shot for the vulnerable

Science on this increasingly clear
High risk people: immunocompromised, frail, elders, chronically ill folks need 3rd shot for greater protection

4. Schools -- my goodness. Who doesn't want schools to open safely?

So @POTUS uses the playbook: masking, regular testing, vaccines, ventilation

That's right

3/5
Read 6 tweets

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