Sexual violence: It is comforting, but wrong, to think that only a tiny proportion of men ever commit sexual violence. Studies among men on US campuses find that anywhere from e.g. 1.6% in the last year to 25% by the end of 4th year in college have perpetrated sexual violence 1/4
International studies, similarly, find that significant proportions of men, from 2%, to 10%, to 51%, have ever used sexual violence against a woman. This survey (2011) finds that men’s lifetime reported use of SV was around 9% in most countries. icrw.org/publications/e… 2/4
So why do some men perpetrate sexual violence against women? Because of gender socialisation and gender inequalities, in particular. Because of sexual entitlement and gender-inequitable social norms. Authoritative review of scholarship on perpetration: xyonline.net/sites/xyonline… 3/4
Men’s rape of women: A study among over 10,000 men across 6 countries in Asia and the Pacific finds that the most common motivation for rape was sexual entitlement - men’s belief that they have the right to sex. Full report: partners4prevention.org/sites/default/…#WomensSafetySummit 4/4
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If feminist attention to men is to make a real contribution to progressive social change, 3 conditions must be met. Michael Flood on the ‘turn to men’ in gender politics and its implications. In full here: xyonline.net/content/turn-m… 1/7
1) Our vision of the problem and the solution must be much more robustly feminist. Squarely focused on the structural, material, and institutional dimensions of gender inequality, how men and masculinities are implicated in these, and thus the need for their transformation. 2/7
Efforts focused on men should involve a much more substantial call to action. They should set the bar high. They should expect that men will strive for gender-egalitarian identities, practices, and interpersonal relations and contribute to community action. 3/7
Young men who agree more strongly with rigid masculine norms are more likely to: perpetrate violence and harassment, have thoughts of suicide, drink at risky levels, be involved in traffic accidents. Report and fact sheets at jss.org.au/what-we-do/the…@JesuitSocialSer@VicHealth
Among men, belief in rigid masculine norms is 20 times more important than demographic variables in predicting the use of violence, 15 x more influential in predicting binge drinking, and 10 x more influential on negative mood. jss.org.au/what-we-do/the…@VicHealth@JesuitSocialSer
The impact of conformity to traditional masculine norms on outcomes: depends in part on *which* norm, and *which* outcome. See my commentary on the ‘Man Box’ survey findings, pp. 40-43 of the report here: jss.org.au/what-we-do/the…@VicHealth@JesuitSocialSer
A woman who is a domestic violence victim may stay in or return to the relationship with the violent man, for *understandable* reasons. Fear of what he will do if she tries to leave. Loves him. Wants the relationship, but not the violence. Hope that he’ll change. 1/5
For the sake of the children. Financial dependency. Social isolation. Blames herself. Feels powerless. Pressure from others. No means to survive if the relationship ends. Fears of homelessness and poverty. Etc. 2/5
Note that many of these represent the impacts of *the partner’s violence and control*. He may have threatened to harm her, relatives, or the children, pets or property, or to kill himself, if she leaves. Tried to make her feel stupid, hopeless, and responsible for the abuse. 3/5
Naming the problem of male privileging in higher education: Attention has begun to be paid to discrimination against women in higher education but much less attention is being paid to men’s privileging by the structure and culture of those organisations. academia.edu/49987617/Namin…
Male academics / university faculty: Ten Things You Can Do Now to Improve the Climate for Women in Your Department. A useful one-pager. advance.cc.lehigh.edu/sites/advance.…
Gender inequity in academia: Exists across all academic benchmarks, including grants and funding, publishing and citations, service, opportunities to attend professional development and conferences, and leadership opportunities. campusreview.com.au/2021/03/assess…
What has the #MeToo movement achieved? Professor Paula McDonald (QUT) offers a handy 4-page account. Will #MeToo finally galvanise substantial, authentic, longstanding change? #MeToo’s achievements thus far include... 1/4
#MeToo: 1) Has raised public awareness of the scale of violence & harassment where data and the law could not. 2) Has acknowledged that sexual harassment also affects men. 3) Has exposed some of the conditions that promote gender based violence. 4) Power is paying attention. 2/4
#MeToo’s limitations: 1) Has not yet made a dent in some obvious gender gaps in Australia’s laws. 2) Has provoked backlash. 3) May deliver only trickle down justice. 4) Has prompted (baseless) concerns about witch hunts, ‘trial by Twitter’ and a failure of due process. 3/4
A feminist intersectional approach to engaging men in violence prevention 1/7: Men in different social locations have differential access to social resources and social status. Are privileged on some axes of inequality (including gender) and disadvantaged on others.
2/7: Ethnicity and other forms of social difference shape both victimisation and perpetration. E.g., how male perpetrators are treated and viewed is shaped by race/ethnicity. Privileged men’s violence is treated and understood differently from disadvantaged men’s violence
3/7: Violence prevention with *any* group should assume that everyone has culture. Everyone is located in hierarchies of privilege and disadvantage. There are specific cultures of gender and sexuality in every group and community.