My 3rd blog in the Gurudakshina series. A thread 🧵
Haven't you heard -
"Stocks are going up because there is so much liquidity.”
“Valuations are high and will remain high because there is a flood of liquidity.”
What’s this ‘Liquidity’ that Everyone Keeps Blaming?
Read on
Liquidity is blamed for any and everything, usually. Bulls love it, bears blame it. But one thing is common. When you ask investors – “What is liquidity?” - what you get in return are empty stares, smiles, or at best, fund flows or traded volumes data.
Have you ever asked this question to yourself? What is liquidity and how to define it?
In a corridor conversation early in my career, I was often told that the flood of money brought forth by quantitative easing is going to lift the markets like never before.
On other occasions, derivative traders mentioned the open interest rising with rising volumes and termed it ‘long buildup’ in a stocks. It was an indication that the ‘strong hands’ in the market liked this scrip.
One of the most familiar references to liquidity is usually the FII and DII flows. It is a common practice to state these as the primary, and for most investors, the only tool to measure ‘liquidity’ in the stock market.
This confused and perplexed me so much that I wrote a simple cheat sheet to tell myself what liquidity is. Here it is –
Liquidity, the most potent and important source of market moves, is of three primary types –
1. Market Liquidity
Fund flows from foreign institutional investors, domestic institutions including mutual funds and trends in retail investments
Total traded value of stocks
LAS book size
Options open interest and volume trends
Traded volumes including delivery volumes
2. Interbank Liquidity
Interbank liquidity refers to the surplus or deficit funds at any point that the banking system holds with the RBI, over and above statutory CRR requirements
Durable liquidity
3. Credit availability and off-take
Credit growth and the ability of the banking system to lend
Money supply trends and their impact
The above triad structure presents a comprehensive way of looking at not only one part of liquidity impacting the markets but a complete picture of how liquidity manifests in financial markets and the economy.
Let’s look at each one of these in brief.
To read a comprehensive take on all these segments and to know where we stand today please read the full article here - dspim.co/LiqB
A thread 🧵.
A fascinating story of Monopoly Money, corporate wizardry and inflation in Zimbabwe. An excerpt from the book- The World for Sale by Javier Blas & Jack Farchy.
The Zimbabwean central bank couldn’t print new banknotes fast enough to keep up with the devaluations of the Zimbabwean dollar, creating a shortage of banknotes. Bank lines stretched several blocks and account holders occasionally resorted to violence.
For Cargill, which had entered the cotton sector in Zimbabwe in 1996, this represented a serious headache. The commodity trader had built a large operation in Zimbabwe, with several ginneries to separate the cotton fibre from its seeds, buying stations across the country...
A mega Thread🧵 on Inflation - Why the bogey of rapid and high rates of inflation may be a false alarm.
A widespread debate has raged on inflation for a while now. Many are concerned about a rise in inflation and believe that this will persist and lead to central bank action.
Expect inflation surge to subsidy by the next two to three months and subsequently the base effects will turn against higher rate of inflation. The drivers of inflation or more appropriate ‘disinflation’ from pre-covid era remain firmly entrenched and are likely to persist.
I don’t see inflation as a threat for the near future and see this as a repetition of the previous post-recession recoveries. A more normalized level of inflation driven by COVID induced resets is the most likely scenario and not the feared high rates of inflation.
1. Supply side constraints are significant. Oil prices likely to persist closer to $60-$70. A happy price for Oil stocks. 2. Capital discipline is much higher than before. 3. Room for valuations to catchup wrt Oil prices
4. Valuations are lower than benchmark while asset quality and profitability is better or improving.
5. Longer runway for the cycle to play out.
6. Focus on integrated Oil Companies and E&P for playing through the next few years.
Sustainable energy 1. A structural theme with some cyclical elements.
2. Clean energy + Transportation + Infra efficiency are scale-able plays.
3. ESG framework will ensure capital availability in growth phase.
The Reserve Bank of India released its annual report for 9 months ending March’21. The central bank, in its continued focus on growth, is focused on growing economic uncertainty and says there are “downside risks” to the economy.
RBI has been proactively focusing on growth with a series of steps ranging from maintaining liquidity surplus in the interbank market, cutting interest rates in FY21, moratorium on repayments, loan restricting for impacted sectors and LTRO/TLTROs for easing financial conditions.
In its assessment of the post pandemic economy - its “conduct of monetary policy in FY22 would be guided by evolving macroeconomic conditions, with a bias to remain supportive of growth till it gains traction on a durable basis while ensuring inflation remains within the target.”
Govt credit has risen at a much faster pace than anytime in recent history. That's why you see such large doses of QE is needed to push demand just a big. While households and corp are deleveraging. This is a massive debasement, positive for Gold Bull Run.
Gold priced in the growth of fiat currencies indocates Gold is cheaper, way cheaper than it should be. Gold prices adjusted for inflation has been higher in previous Bull Runs.
The irony of 2020 is that you had so much time away from your schedule but no solitude. 🤔
Making goals and achieving them, then moving on to a higher goal may be one of the best ways to live but it's just that. One of the ways. Unplanned, goal-less and impulsive lifestyle may sound destructive but may not be. It is a caricature of the disciplined life.
The best decisions in life are often impulsive, pushed and sometimes forced. Sometimes gut instinct serves us better by training or by luck.