“Breakthrough” infections DO NOT mean vaccines don’t work. Remember, they are preventives, NOT cures. One can still contract COVID once vaccinated. As long as that vaccine is preventing you from facing severe disease and worse, it IS working and doing what it was designed to do.
The term infection refers to the virus entering and being detectable in your system regardless of whether OR NOT it makes you sick, whereas the term illness refers to the virus entering, being detectable in your system AND making you sick. It it important not to conflate the two.
The first thing to know about the COVID-19 vaccines is that they’re doing exactly what they were designed and authorized to do. Since the vaccines first started their rollout late last year, rates of COVID-19 disease have taken an unprecedented plunge among the immunized.
The second thing to know about the COVID-19 vaccines is that they’re flame retardants, not impenetrable firewalls, when it comes to the coronavirus. Some vaccinated people are still getting infected, and a small subset of these individuals is still getting sick
-and this is completely expected. Read here: theatlantic.com/science/archiv… When you are vaccinated, contracting COVID-19 isn’t the same as contracting COVID-19 when you’re unvaccinated. Want to know why? Read: theatlantic.com/science/archiv… and theatlantic.com/science/archiv…

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More from @sailorrooscout

23 Sep
Reminder: “A change in the spike protein- which allows the coronavirus to enter and infect human cells- that is radical enough to make our vaccine completely ineffective would also, almost certainly, be so extreme as to make the virus non-functional.” -Sarah Gilbert, Oxford Team
In other words, the virus cannot completely mutate as there are only so many changes the spike protein can have before it compromises its functionality and therefore its ability to bind to the ACE2 receptor on the surface of our cells and evade our antibodies at the same time.
“There aren’t very many places for the virus to go to have something that will evade immunity but still be a really infectious virus,” and therefore is unlikely to mutate into a much deadlier variant. Gilbert stated that viruses tend to become less virulent over time as they
Read 5 tweets
22 Sep
Just a friendly reminder. Despite what you might hear, there has yet to be a variant that isn’t susceptible to the vaccines.
Why are variants unlikely to FULLY evade vaccine-induced immunity?
•Vaccines are polyclonal
•CD8+ T-cells covering 52 epitopes across the spike protein
•CD4+ T-cells covering 23 epitopes across the spike protein
Read 4 tweets
20 Sep
A study out of RIVM (Netherlands) shows vaccine efficacy for full vaccination in regards to the Delta variant against ICU admission was 97% and against hospitalization was 95%. Vaccine efficacy was high in ALL age groups and did NOT show waning with time even after four months.🧵
In this study, researchers utilized incidence rates of COVID-19 hospitalizations and ICU admissions by vaccination status and age group to calculate vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalizations and ICU admissions by age group, vaccine type (this study includes Moderna
Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Johnson & Johnson), time since vaccination, and prevailing variant (Alpha or Delta). For the study period 4 April- 29 August 2021, 15,571 hospitalized people with COVID-19 were included in the analysis, of whom 887 (5.7%) were fully vaccinated.
Read 14 tweets
16 Sep
A study out of the University of Edinburgh shows that vaccine efficacy against severe COVID-19 has NOT significantly decreased since Delta became the predominant variant, is around 92%, and does NOT differ significantly between AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and Moderna’s vaccines.🧵
In addition, efficacy against the broader category of hospitalized or fatal COVID-19 remains only SLIGHTLY lower for AstraZeneca’s vaccine than for the mRNA (Pfizer and Moderna) vaccines (88% versus 91%).
NOTE: The REACT-SCOT case-control study data extracted here INCLUDES cases presenting up to September 2nd, 2021, however the analyses reported here are restricted to cases and controls presenting FROM December 1st 2020 to August 19th 2021 (8 MONTHS).
Read 9 tweets
15 Sep
Yes, the vaccines ARE effective against the Delta variant. Yes, you will need both doses for maximum protection. Yes, they’re effective against preventing symptomatic infection, severe disease, AND hospitalization. Several studies have proven this now. Stop the misinformation.
Regarding the concerns about waning immunity. Please remember, this is likely referring to infection (see my most recent post on University of Pennsylvania’s study). Not effectiveness against symptomatic infection, not effectiveness against severe illness.
While neutralizing antibodies decrease over time (as they ARE supposed to) protective immunity provided by memory B-cells and T-cells is STILL present.
Read 8 tweets
15 Sep
Real-world data out of the Netherlands regarding vaccine effectiveness shows:

•Against Hospitalization: 95%
•Against ICU Admission: 97%

•Pfizer: 92%
•Moderna: 95%
•AstraZeneca: 93%
•Johnson & Johnson: 87%

Delta is currently the most prevalent variant in the Netherlands.
You can read more here: rivm.nl/sites/default/…
Data as of September 14th can be found here: rivm.nl/coronavirus-co….
Read 4 tweets

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