1) For people worried about H5N6: Zoonotic infections with influenza viruses happen all the time. They may lead to severe disease and death in exposed individuals but as long as there is no human to human transmission....
2)....there is little to worry from a global perspective. Of course we need to keep an eye on them and prepare prototype vaccines (which is something that has been done for many of these viruses). Here is a slide that shows how often these zoonotic infections are found. It is....
3)....a little outdated, but I think you get the idea - it happens often. Purple are viruses with associated human cases, blue are viruses that should be watched because they caused remarkable outbreaks in animals. H2N2 is in red because it has caused a pandemic in the past....
4)...and is still around in birds (it disappeared from the human population in 1968). So we know it can do it and we are always worried about it. On the plus side, everybody born before 1968 is probably immune against it. Sometimes being older does have benefits 😉

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More from @florian_krammer

15 Sep
@MRoscus @EricTopol 1) So, here is the issue: Changing the vaccine strain is technically easy. From a regulatory and from a roll-out perspective not so much. Now, it will take time. And this was attempted for B.1.351.
@MRoscus @EricTopol 2) Moderna did a booster study with an updated version of the vaccine that expressed the B.1.351 and compared that to the original version of the vaccine as a booster dose. Now here are the results: medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
@MRoscus @EricTopol 3) The B.1.351 booster induced antibodies a little (not even 2-fold) better than the original vaccine when looking at B.1.351 virus neutralization. No benefit against another variant (P.1) which is closely related to B.1.351.
Read 8 tweets
14 May
1) @Guha_Arunkumar is defending today! I am so excited! Will he tell us about the weird fish viruses that look like influenza B? Or his work on influenza B antigenicity and mAbs? Thanks @jbloom_lab for being the outside examiner.
2) Also, Guha is interested in getting an industry job somewhere on the East Coast. If you are looking for a competent infectious disease researcher/virologist/biotechnologist better contact him quickly!
Read 4 tweets
1 Apr
@MarcusFahn A) Virale Glykoproteine sind oft kleine Maschinen, die die Fusion der viralen Membran und der Zellmembran ermoeglichen. Erst dann kann das virale Genom in unsere Zellen rein und anfangen die Kontrolle zu uebernehmen. Diese Protein binden and unsere zellulaeren Rezeptoren....
@MarcusFahn B).....in der 'Praefusionskonformation'. Dann aendert sich diese Konformation schlagartig in die 'Postfusionskonformation' und dabei werden die virale und die Zellmembran verbunden. Stellen sie sich einfach eine Stahlfeder vor, die zusammengedrueckt ist und von einer Klammer....
@MarcusFahn C)...gesichert wird. Das ist die 'Praefusionskonformation'. Wird die Klammer entfernt, springt die Stahlfeder schlagartig auf. Das waere dann die 'Postfusionskonformation'. Jetzt ist es so, dass Antikoerper die die Praefusionskonformation binden oft stark neutralisierent....
Read 7 tweets
1 Apr
1) Ein paar Infos zu Sputnik V, weils grad alle interessiert. Der Impfstoff ist eine Kombination aus zwei Adenovirus Vektoren, und zwar Adenvirus Typ 5 und Adenovirus Typ 26. Adenovirus Typ 26 is selten, da gibts wenig Vektorimmunitaet die Probleme bereiten kann....
2).....Wenn wir von Vektorimmunitaet sprechen, geht es um neutralisierende Antikoerper gegen das Vektorvirus selbst. Wenn man viele davon hat, wird der Vektor neutralisiert bevor er in unsere Zellen eindringen kann und das wirkt sich negativ auf die Immunantwort....
3)...aus. Weil wenn weniger Vektor in die Zellen kommt, wird weniger SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein hergestellt und dann ist die Immunantwort schwaecher. Wie gesagt, bei Ad26 Vektoren kein Problem. Bei dem Schimpansenadenovirus das von AstraZeneca eingesetzt wird auch nicht, ....
Read 10 tweets
15 Mar
1) The NDV-S vaccine that Peter Palese's lab (with some help from Adolfo García-Sastre's and my lab) developed was injected into first volunteers today in Vietnam (Phase I). @McLellan_Lab contributed his HexaPro construct.
vtv.vn/video/ban-tin-… (starts at minute 2:16)
2) The vaccine is based on an NDV vector that has SARS-CoV-2 spike on its surface. This version of the vaccine is inactivated (a life, intranasal version is in development as well) and can be produced at low cost in existing influenza vaccine production capacity.
3) And it worked very well in protecting mice and hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Here are some references for anybody interested. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… and ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Read 4 tweets
27 Feb
1) There are a lot of questions about how fully vaccinated individuals should behave. I don't have good solutions either, but I have some thoughts. First of all, we are seeing more and more data about how well vaccination works in a real live setting. There are recent studies...
2) ...from Israel (nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…; thelancet.com/journals/lance…) and Scotland (papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cf…) showing high vaccine effectiveness in the population. That is just awesome and a reason to celebrate for all of us. On the other side you need to keep in mind....
3)...that vaccination, while highly effective, doesn't remove all risk. There are cases of symptomatic infection even after two vaccinations, keep that in mind. These cases might be mild, but they can occur. The protection you can expect from being vaccinated is driven....
Read 15 tweets

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