Psychohistory is a fictional science that Asimov imagined. It is a science that predicts the evolution of civilization that is independent of individuals. It's analogous to how we might predict the behavior of macroscopic objects with only granular information about the parts.
What is the closest thing in today's scientific culture that is like Psychohistory?
Over a decade ago, there was activity on a field known as Memetics. It eventually declined, but I'm unsure as to why it did. This is perhaps related to the fictional Psychohistory. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memetics
With the discovery of the outsized effect of social media in today's political discourse, perhaps we might need to revisit the Memetics literature. There is mounting evidence that our civilization evolves through the establishment of memes.
Just look at the path that the UK is heading towards. Is this not a consequence of a meme? A meme that says that the British are losing their own identity and hence need to isolate themselves before it is too late?
What about the Trump meme? That the norms of civilization are the root cause of the loss of agency in this world. Norms of civility, norms of science and public health, norms of truth all need to get thrown out so a few can regain their lost agency in this world.
The anti-vax meme has nothing to do with any scientific discovery. It's anti-scientific. However, it is a knee-jerk reaction to a loss of agency. The agency of an individual should be sacrosanct over the collective needs of society. It's the free-loader problem in disguise.
Individual behavior does not have a huge effect on society unless it becomes a meme that is able to propagate and affect behavior at a larger scale. It is thus a surprise to me that Memetics isn't a science that has a lot of following. How does society evolve if not for memes?
A meme has a replication mechanism that is analogous to a virus. The failure of the US response to a real virus pandemic is a consequence of a competing information virus pandemic. We have social media to blame as a medium that accelerates the information spread.
But unlike a physical virus where you can mandate quarantines and hygienic practices, we were too slow to institute the equivalent of quarantines and hygiene for information dissemination. You might ask, why does information have an esteemed status?
The Chinese government institutes draconian control of information. There is a strong belief in the CCP that to maintain the monopoly of governance, they must absolutely control the memes.
The current disfunction in US federal governance is a consequence of a meme war. Some call this a 'culture war', but this only elevates the status of what it actually is. A lot of the dynamics are no different from fandom between two opposing sports teams.
The memes are devoid of semantics other than the need to signal that one is part of your team. In ancient Rome, there were massive riots instigated between supporters of different chariot racing teams. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nika_riots
Genocides are a consequence of the viral propagation of memes. What predispositions an entire society to send people to the gulag if not for a viral meme? Society is a willing victim to these information objects that are often devoid of grounding in reality.
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The innovation found in biology is a consequence of a development process that is absent of a centralized mind. This has benefits in that it leverages massively parallel processes. It can explore possibilities beyond that what a sequential mind can do.
However, the lack of a centralized mind also has its own downsides. Biology isn't able to consolidate its discoveries as efficiently as that of an integrated mind. A good analogy to explain this is refactoring found in software development.
In software development, rapid development eventually leads to the accumulation of what is known as technical debt. As technical debt increases, the developers refactor the code so as to reduce the debt. There is a mindful method of creation and destruction.
@pmddomingos It's also the same ignorance that leads to wild expectations when the algorithm games the results. Ignorance like naivety is a two-sided blade.
@pmddomingos The progress we make in deep learning is a consequence of our overall ignorance about general intelligence. There are many alternative ideas on cognition developed by other fields. But these were done without the benefit of computational models.
@pmddomingos It is the combination of empirical AI (i.e. Deep Learning) and theoretical formulation (i.e. Cognitive science, biology, complexity science etc) that lends us a more systematic strategy towards discovery.
The purpose of civilization isn't to make the law of the jungle the primary directive for all human activities. Its objective is to harness enough resources for humanity so we live our lives as if we were children.
The nations states that are successful in today's civilization are those that invest heavily in their children. The modern economy is exponentially becoming more complex and you need citizenry who are adaptive and open-minded to new kinds of endeavors.
An adult who knows only the law of the jungle habitually seeks self-preservation over adaptability. This is why we see the politics of today where there is a great fear by one side that their identity will be extinguished.
It should not be a surprise that the paradox of determinism and free will is easily resolved once you are aware of Gödel's incompleteness theory or Turing's Halting problem.
The paradox is simply stated that if the universe was deterministic then how could free will be possible. But what is the meaning of determinism? It implies absolute predictability in this universe.
Physics and mathematics has revealed via quantum mechanics, relativity, Gödel and Turing the first-person nature of reality and hence its lack of determinism. Computational irreducibility bounds predictability and hence demolishes the notion of a deterministic universe.
Many Americans want to turn back the hand of time, back to the days where you can just unexpectedly die by being infected by a virus. Before the 1950s, parents had more children to beat the odds that they could reach adulthood.
Too often we are nostalgic about the past which we never lived in. Before 1950, the world was mired in a world war. Before that, it was the Great Depression. There were the roaring 20s that ended with Wall Street crashing. The 1910s has a world war and the Spanish Flu.
Against this backdrop, children were still dying. It's was only by the 1950s that mass vaccination was the norm. Ever since the odds to survive childhood shot up tremendously (not just in the USA but all over the world). So outraged people want us to go back to a deadlier time?
We are wired to make repeat our own mistakes. I confess that I actually did short Apple and Tesla when both were below $20 (pre-split). Fortunately, I'm financially solvent to live to tell the unfortunate tale!
The moral of the story though is that financial instruments with exponential growth potential look overvalued at the very beginning. Do not have rationality cloud your own judgment!
I'm also the same guy who sold off every DOGE coin that I could mine when it first came out. I was mining it for two weeks at a $20 profit per day. Today that 2 weeks would have been worth $1.6 m today.