Thread by @sureshseshadri1

Mi-17 V5 - #Thread

The #Mi_17_V5's glass cockpit features cutting-edge avionics including as four multifunction displays (MFDs), night-vision equipment, an on-board weather radar, and an autopilot system. The improved cockpit lessens the workload of pilots.

The KNEI-8 avionics suite, which includes navigation, information displays, and cueing systems, is integrated into the custom-built Indian Mi-17V-5 helicopters.

Main advantages

Operability in any geographical and climatic conditions, day and night, in adverse weather.

Operability in high-altitude and hot conditions.

Versatility (capability to effectively perform assault/transport and combat tasks during one mission sortie).

Capability to land on unprepared sites at night and in limited adverse weather conditions.

Heavy armor protection.

High target approach accuracy through the use of a satellite navigation system.

High safety and single-engine flight and landing capability.

Efficient loading/unloading of cargo and paratroopers through the presence of two doors on the sides of the helicopter and a powered ramp.

Armoured plates protect the helicopter's cockpit and critical components. The gunner is likewise protected by armoured plates at the aft machine gun position.

The self-sealing fuel tanks are filled with foam polyurethane and are explosion-proof. Engine exhaust infrared (IR) suppressors, a flare distributor, and a jammer are all included in the aircraft.

Training flight in the Mi-17 helicopter

IAF's Mi17V5 chopper has been involved in quite a few incidents during the last decade. The recent crash-land in Arunachal Pradesh involved this chopper.

https://twitter.com/ANI/status/1461343584787988488?s=20

Around 12,000 Mi-17V5s are in service in 60 countries. The Mi17V5 is the most technologically advanced helicopter in the Mi-8/17 family, including the greatest engineering solutions from previous generations.

All Mi-17 V5 helicopters include Electronic warfare (EW) suites that include the Radar Warning Receiver (RWR), Missile Approach Warning System (MAWS), Counter Measure Dispensing System (CMDS), Laser Warning Receiver (LWR) and a Directed Infrared Countermeasure (DIRCM).

The cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and flight data recorder (FDR) popularly known as 'Black Box', of the ill-fated Mi-17 V5 retrieved.

During flight hours, over 200 parameters per second will be stored in FDR, retrieving and analysing (which is called milking data) these data a herculean effort.

Weather, Drift Down, V Shape Terrain n VVIP Pilot flying experience will all be covered in future posts.

#JaiHind 🇮🇳

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Mi-17 V5 - Part 2 Weather
Why does fog matter to pilots and airports all around the world?

Fog reduces sight, making it more difficult to see where you're going. Everyone is aware of this. Unless you're a pilot, meteorologist, or a resident of an often foggy city like London, you might not realise how many "types" of fog there are.

Fog is a murky white-greyish cloud that lingers over a region and obscures visibility for most people. There's a lot more to it than that, though.

Varieties of fog, as well as where and how they occur. However, a pilot has to have knowledge on meteorology too.

1. Radiation Fog
2. Advection Fog
3. Valley Fog
4. Upslope Fog
5. Evaporation Fog
6. Steam Fog
7. Frontal / Precipitation Fog
8. Hill Fog
9. Ice Fog
10. Freezing Fog

Radiation Fog
It happens most often in the winter, when the ground begins to chill overnight and moisture stays in the air near the ground.

Areas at a high height above sea level are an exception to this norm. Because sunlight does not have as quick an effect on the temperature here, it can stay cooler for longer, allowing radiation fog to persist.

Radiation fog clings on the ground close to the surface, rarely spreading more than 20 feet. This form of fog requires warm temperatures to evaporate. The fog will take longer to evaporate the colder the temperature and the thicker the fog.

Advection Fog
Coastal locations are more prone to advection fog. This fog is most common in the spring, and it develops when moist warm air travels inland from the sea.

For this type of fog to form, there must be some wind velocity. The fog might become thicker and denser when the wind picks up. Stronger winds can also pull moisture from stratus clouds overhanging the ground, adding to the fog.

Valley Fog
#Mi17V5 Crash Area, (Nigiris Area)
Valley fog is a true phenomena that occurs when cold air settles and condenses in the valley's lower reaches. Temperature inversion, which occurs when warm air passes above valleys, is a common cause of this.

It is recommended to fly closer to the windward slope to take advantage of up-draughts rather than down the valley's centre when flying down a valley. Because of downdrafts and the possibility for loss of lift, the leeward slope should be avoided.

In valleys, the Venturi effect can generate a large increase in wind speed, potentially doubling it. This occurrence is also accompanied by a drop in pressure, which might lead the altimeter to overestimate the aircraft's altitude.

Severe turbulence, powerful vertical currents, and icing are all characteristics of mountain waves. The vertical currents in the waves can produce considerable changes in airspeed, which can lead to loss of control in extreme cases.

Loss of control can also happen close to the ground before landing or after take-off, posing a threat of terrain collision or a hard landing.

If the crew's corrective response to a downdraught is delayed, the plane will crash.

The Fohn Effect is a warm, dry wind that blows down the mountain's lee side. Clouds and precipitation arise when a huge air mass is driven up and over a mountain range (Orographic Lift), when the air rises and cools adiabatically.

The air mass has lost a large amount of water by the time it reaches the peak of the mountain.

As a result, the dew point is substantially lower.

As the air begins to descend the mountain's lee slope and the air pressure rises, the air warms adiabatically. The resulting breeze is dry and warm, providing clear conditions at airfields on the mountain range's lee side.

These dry winds can spark wildfires throughout the summer months, which can impair aviation operations in addition to making the climate warmer.

Upslope Fog
This is a sort of fog that forms up the slope of a large hill or mountain, as the name implies. As the air rises towards these slopes, it cools, allowing moisture to condense and contribute to the formation of fog.

Evaporation Fog
Warm water evaporates into the lower layers of the air, causing it to warm and rise, allowing it to mingle with cooler air fronts hovering over the surface. Condensation is caused by the interplay of these different types of air and moisture.

Steam Fog
When extremely cold air (below 0 degrees Celsius) mixes with warm water, steam fog can form. The water vapour that evaporates from the surface swiftly cools below its dew point, mixes with the chilly air, and creates fog. This form of fog is usually very thin.

Frontal / Precipitation Fog
As with steam fog, frontal fog is another variation of evaporation fog. It can occur in one of two ways, either as part of a front which extends to surface, r when air becomes saturated from rain, with latter occurring in cold air before a warm front.

Hill Fog
When the first possible cause of frontal fog - air extending to the surface during a weather front – occurs near hills, the fog can be trapped.

will be continued.....
Jai Hind 🇮🇳

Source: Flight Training, European Helicopter Safety Team