HKUMed shows Omicron infects and multiplies 70X faster than Delta in the human bronchus, which may explain why it transmits faster, BUT also shows Omicron infection in the lung is significantly LOWER than the original virus, which may be an indicator of lower disease severity. 🧵
They found that Omicron replicates faster than the original SARS-CoV-2 virus and Delta in the human bronchus. At 24 hours after infection, Omicron replicated around 70X higher than Delta and the original SARS-CoV-2 virus.
In contrast, Omicron variant replicated LESS efficiently (MORE than 10X lower) in the human lung tissue than the original SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may suggest lower severity of disease.
Some other threads and links that go into this research as well:
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What this is pointing to is that Omicron may be significantly more transmissible than Delta. HOWEVER, it is important to note that it seems there is LESS efficient replication in the lung and this may indeed suggest LOWER severity.
It is also IMPORTANT to note that “the severity of disease in humans is NOT determined only by virus replication but also by the host immune response to the infection.” In other words, make sure you are PROTECTED. You can read all this and more here: med.hku.hk/en/news/press/…
With all of this in mind, and based on Omicron’s transmissibility, YES, it WILL spread and it will spread QUICKLY. You do not want to be walking around with NO PROTECTION (AKA IMMUNE NAIVE). Get VACCINATED. GET BOOSTED. THIS is what makes the difference. medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Encouraging news out of South Africa’s MOH this morning. Age-controlled data regarding Omicron severity. ACROSS ALL AGES, death rates among hospitalized patients are 2/3 LOWER in the Omicron wave. In addition, hospitalization rates have FALLEN 91% in the Omicron wave.🧵
You can find the presentation here:
“Only 1.7% of identified COVID-19 cases were admitted to hospital in the second week of infections in the fourth wave, compared with 19% in the same week of the third delta-driven wave.” bloomberg.com/news/articles/…
Early data out of SAMRC shows Omicron causes milder symptoms (with recovery within 3 days), two doses of Pfizer ARE effective against hospitalization, AND data indicates that the severity of Omicron is 29% LOWER than D614G (first) wave of COVID-19 infections in South Africa.🧵
This study looks at data from 78,000 Omicron patients in South Africa. There are 38 admissions per 1,000 Omicron cases, compared to 101 admissions per 1,000 for Delta. The proportion of hospitalized patients needing ICU is 13% for this wave compared to 30% in previous waves.
This study found that individuals vaccinated with two doses of Pfizer’s vaccine were 70% less likely to be hospitalized with Omicron compared to unvaccinated individuals. While this is LOWER than the protection vs. Delta, PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THE FOLLOWING
People keep asking me my thoughts on Omicron. All I can do is let the data speak for itself. South Africa’s CFR is about to be lower than the UK’s. To note, their death rate is now 1 in 200- the lowest it has been throughout the pandemic and 10x lower than last September.
If you’re going to ask me about Denmark hospitalizations, a QUARTER of those hospitalizations tested positive 48 hours AFTER admission. Not to mention, 14 of those 27 have ALREADY been discharged. That’s already half right there.
If you’re wondering what difference a booster makes, THIS is the key!
An mRNA booster on top of prior infection OR on top of two doses of vaccine confers 30X to 200X HIGHER neutralization titers versus Omicron.
Let’s talk about that! 🧵
NOTE: If you see PMS20, it is an antibody resistant spike designed for purpose of studies.
In regards to infection. Analysis of plasma from convalescent individuals (1M, 6M, and 12M after previous infection) shows substantial Omicron neutralization escape. Remember, again, we are only looking at nAbs.
According to health officials at the CDC and ECDC, the most common Omicron symptoms include cough, fatigue, and a runny nose. The data is an early sign that vaccines ARE continuing to do their job of warding off severe illness. Omicron being “MILDER” is likely DUE TO IMMUNITY.
Yesterday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a report on the first 43 Omicron cases confirmed across 22 US states. The cases were by and large mild. One person was hospitalized, discharged after two days and has already recovered. cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/7…
Europe has identified 337 Omicron cases across 21 countries. Each of the cases has been either asymptomatic or mild, and no Omicron deaths have been reported, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control said on Wednesday in its latest update. ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events…
Immunity is more than just neutralizing antibodies.
Immunological memory consists of antibodies, memory B-cells, memory CD8+ T-cells, and memory CD4+ T-cells. These responses are what give us enduring protection even against newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Immunological memory is probably the most important feature of immunity as it allows us to better respond when the threat is encountered a second time. Against SARS-CoV-2, it helps to determine protection against reinfection, disease risk, and vaccine efficacy.