Read this thread. Guess who said all these nice, cooperative things about NATO? Guess when they were said? 1/. THREAD.
"My colleagues were not short of words to describe this [NATO] summit today, and this is probably no bad thing. I too used the term ‘historic’ to describe it, referring to the long way we have come... 2/
, shedding some of the illusions we perhaps had back in the 1990s, and entering the period of productive construction that the start of this decade ushered in. 3/
"Now we are starting to build up our cooperation, and so I would agree overall that this is indeed an important stage in building a full and productive partnership between Russia and NATO." 4/
"Incidentally, even the [NATO] declaration approved at the end of our talks states that we seek to develop a strategic partnership. This is not a chance choice of words, but signals that we have succeeded in putting the difficult period in our relations behind us now." 5/
The documents set out the specific results achieved at this [NATO] summit, but I will say a few words on the main points. First, we noted that the period of distance in our relations and claims against each other is over now. 6/
"We view the future with optimism and will work on developing relations between Russia and NATO in all areas." 7/
There are, however, some key areas that are equally important for NATO and its individual member states, and for Russia. 8/
They cover our cooperation in a range of areas: fighting terrorism, which is one of the biggest threats humanity faces today, drug trafficking, piracy, and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. We have practically no differences on any of these issues. 9/
Another important and much discussed issue is European missile defence... everyone realises now that overall, only universal missile defence systems offer any real value, and not systems built to protect particular countries only, or covering particular military theatres only.10/
As far as the traditional issues on the Russia-NATO cooperation agenda go, the situation is looking good. 11/
There are other areas in which we have our differences, but to be honest, they are not so many, and we have agreed that these issues must not be allowed to undermine our relations. 12/
On the contrary, we need to work together on finding solutions to these complicated situations, and listen to each other’s points of view. 13/
"Summing up, I can affirm that this NATO-Russia Council meeting was indeed a major step in strengthening our relations and really is a historic event, because all kinds of new ideas and new agreements are always part of world history." 14?
Did you guess? That was Medvedev speaking in November 2010 after attending the NATO summit in Lisbon. That was a Kremlin leader speaking AFTER 2 rounds of NATO expansion and after Bucharest 2008. AFTER. here is the full text: 15/ en.kremlin.ru/events/preside…
So those concerned with logical causal arguments cannot explain current Russia-NATO tensions today on "NATO expansion" from the past without accounting for the this cooperative speech (which is proxy for many other areas of cooperation at the same time) in between. 16/
In the language of political science, the same independent variable (NATO expansion) cannot explain two different outcomes on the dependent variable (cooperation & confrontation). 17/
Obviously, other factors (other independent variables) beyond "NATO expansion" must be added to the analysis to explain how we went from Russia-NATO cooperation in 2010 to our current confrontational moment in 2021. 18/ END THREAD
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"Modernization theories, however, are bad at point predictions. Agency theories also deliver little predictive power about the specific moments of regime change...." 1/ THREAD
... since chance, fortuna, mistakes, or unexpected exogenous shocks (such as economic meltdown, war, or the death of a leader) always seem to play a major role in these models. 2/
Both structural and agency theoretical traditions shed only faint light on current regime stability or guidance about future change. 3/
"Russia remains a formidable military power and one of only two nuclear superpowers. Putin has invested heavily in nuclear modernization, while the United States has not." 1/ THREAD
"He [Putin] has also devoted vast resources to upgrading Russian conventional forces. The Kremlin’s armed forces do not have global reach, but they do pose a significant threat to Europe ... 2/
"... and even outmatch NATO by some measures, including the number of tanks, cruise missiles, and troops on the NATO-Russian border." 3/
After 9/11/2001, Bush and Putin developed a close personal bond based on a shared definition of a common threat -- terrorism. US-Russia ties were close. The US withdrawal from the ABM treaty and NATO expansion faded as contentious issues. 1/
Bush's decision to invade Iraq fueled new tensions. Putin (like Germany, France & Obama) thought that intervention was a huge mistake. At their first meeting in 2009, Putin reminded Obama of that mistake. 2/
The real break in US-Russia relations in the Bush-era were color revolutions in Georgia in 2003 and Ukraine in 2004, which Putin claimed were masterminded by Washington. 3/
In between Putin's spring military build-up on Ukraine's border and today's bigger build-up, what changed? 1/ THREAD
Did NATO become more aggressive in offering Ukraine membership? No. 2/
Did Biden become more vocal in supporting Ukraine's NATO membership? No. Just the opposite. Zelensky was disappointed in what he heard from Biden about NATO when they met last summer. 3/
"Biden should state publicly his desire to reinvigorate diplomacy to end the war in eastern Ukraine..." 1/ THREAD
including naming a senior envoy to represent the United States in these negotiations and insisting that the United States formally join Ukraine, Russia, Germany and France to reinvigorate the now moribund Normandy talks tasked with ending the war in eastern Ukraine. 2/
Such an announcement would dispel the absurd Russian claim that Washington and Kyiv are scheming to restore Ukrainian sovereignty over Donbas by military force ...3/
Now that Putin has published his ideas for a new European security agreement, let me propose some additional articles to the draft agreement. 1/
Article 1. Russia agrees to withdraw its forces from Moldova and restore full sovereignty to this European country. 2/
Article 2. Russia agrees to withdraw its forces from Georgia, renounce recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent countries, and restore the full sovereignty of Georgia. 3/