~30,000 people fled the #MarshallFire, one of the most terrifying experiences we can face. Today I am reflecting on the added anxiety and consequences of fleeing a #climatemergency disaster during the COVID pandemic. Here I'll share a personal story w/ a tiny bit of insight. 1/
Just outside Boulder, circa January 2021

Normally I love the sound of wind in the trees. But the winds were howling that day. It was difficult to ignore. The house was groaning, shifting. We were in full lockdown due to COVID-19. I was trying to stay busy. 2/
My children were playing outside. Mommy I smell smoke...

At first I didn't smell anything. It was a red flag day. Everyone needed to be careful. But then I smelled it and we saw flames down the road. That is our only way out. What happened next was a blur. 3/
We had no time. Get the kids, get the dog. In the car now! Do we have time to grab important papers, passports? No. There is no time.
Oh my god, the kids next door are home alone for the afternoon. I ran to them, yelling. We need to go. Get in our car. There is no time. 4/
This was pre-vaccines and we all felt vulnerable to COVID. We all WERE vulnerable. Yet here we were- 2 adults, 5 kids, 1 dog in a car fleeing a fire. All unmasked, some crying.

A voice from the back, what about our dog? Shit, stop the car. 5/
We found the neighbors' dog, & we made it out. This story could have ended differently, but it didn't. Yet every COVID rule we had as a family became hazy, lost in the immediacy of that day. A small taste of what 30,000 people experienced yesterday. Enough to break my heart. 6/
Fires displace more people from their homes in North America than any natural disaster. To experience this during the holidays is unthinkable. To experience this during a pandemic is unthinkable.

Please consider donating to those impacted by the #MarshallFire. Thank you. 7/7

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More from @queenofpeat

22 Dec 21
Permafrost stores 2x the amount of carbon in the atmosphere yet is not considered by many climate models. Are we totally screwed??? Here I will explain what we know and why I promote #ClimateActionNow but not panic. 1/ Schematic of global carbon pools showing that permafrost sto
The Arctic (and its permafrost soils) is not a missing black box in any climate model, which all include Arctic soils. Until we explicitly include permafrost in these models, it is difficult to know what climate feedbacks we are missing. Likely to be in the middle. 2/ Image of a permafrost core laying on the ground of a black s
I research abrupt permafrost thaw, known to be a large source of methane. NO large scale models address abrupt thaw, yet. Ouch. Still, some portion of abrupt thaw fluxes are included in current modeling. What's the potential for overlap? More than zero, but we don't know. 3/ Photograph of a thermokarst bog, an example of abrupt permaf
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11 Nov 21
Permafrost stores >2x as much as carbon as is in the atmosphere. The most carbon-rich permafrost is associated with ground ice, yet climate models don't account for ice-rich permafrost thaw (Turetsky et al. @Nature 2019). This WICKED problem underestimates Arctic emissions. 1/ Map showing the colocation of carbon rich permafrost soils w
In my @CUBoulder lecture today I outlined a trifecta of uncertainties related to permafrost & carbon.
1) We know plants and new biomass will offset some permafrost soil carbon losses with thaw, but how much? And will that "green carbon" last in the face of 🔥🔥👇 2/ Photograph of a wildfire in a permafrost wetland complex sho
#2 wicked uncertainty. How can climate models include abrupt permafrost thaw that leads to massive erosion, landslides, and subsidence? These are incredible state changes that affect meters and meters of soil carbon, yet are currently ignored by climate models. 3/ Photograph of abrupt thaw leading to thermokarst and loss of
Read 4 tweets
4 Nov 21
Please share to build awareness! Permafrost is being featured today at #COP26Glasgow. Here I will explain why this is SO important to our future climate and everything we know and love about the Arctic. Stick with me for a cooler than cool 🧵. Photo @grosse_guido 1/ Photograph of a permafrost cliff showing exposed permafrost
Permafrost is diverse, comprised of frozen earth (rock, soil, sediment...). It often contains pockets of ice of all sizes. For many many 1000s of yrs, permafrost has been quietly doing its thing. Aggrading & locking atmospheric carbon into frozen ground. A true climate champ! 2/ Photograph of a permafrost core with layers of frozen peat a
Permafrost is a HIDDEN gem of the Arctic. Frozen ground is buried by a surface active layer (soil, moss) that freezes & thaws seasonally. But dig deeper, and we come across perennially frozen ground. This makes it difficult to study from surface or remote sensing measurements. 3/ Two permafrost researchers - Jean Hollaway and Kirsten Reid
Read 12 tweets
30 Sep 21
Big Run Bog, West Virginia. circa 1995

This is a true story, but also science legend. When bogs want to share their secrets, they delight with sunlight & spider webs glistening on wet stems, dragonflies feasting. But a bog can turn on you at any moment, as I learned. 1/ Image of sundews, moss, and sedges in a bog.
The drive was fueled by stories and big laughter from our guests. Approaching the rolling hills of West Virginia, the Czech scientists pressed their faces against the warm windows. We rolled into motel rooms eager to greet the morning. Such perfect field conditions we thought. 2/
Early morning realization- thick fog had settled in & I couldn’t see the field truck. It will burn off we said confidently. But there was no laughing as we hiked into the bog. Crunchy footsteps connected with frozen peat. It was a magical strange world draped in hoar frost. 3/ Image of ice on plant stems.
Read 11 tweets
27 Aug 21
This is a story about one of the most powerful plants on Earth, the climate champion Sphagnum moss. This story is about science, discovery, & how much we have left to learn. Not about a distant planet, but a group of plants millions of years old that continues to astound us. 1/ Photograph of red Sphagnum capitula.
Sphagnum are infamous for storing carbon from the atmosphere via thick layers of peat. Sphagnum tissue decomposes slowly, sometimes more slowly than wood! As a result Sphagnum & peatlands have cooled our climate for millennia. So please thank Sphagnum moss! 2/ Image of permafrost peat including some Sphagnum remains.
In the 1990's I was a new graduate student looking for a way to merge interests in ecology & climate. I started working on permafrost thaw in peatlands, but became obsessed w/ a simple question. Why does Sphagnum decompose slowly? It's unusual so why Why WHY? 3/ Panorama of permafrost thaw in a subarctic peatland showing
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15 Jul 21
In @NMNH's panel on vicious #climate cycles, I was asked why permafrost is important. Here I'll give my top reasons from carbon to caribou. #1 For millenia, permafrost has been Earth's freezer for ancient C. Permafrost stores more C than global forests; on par w/ fossil fuels. 1/ Cartoon of global carbon pools showing that permafrost store
Reason #2. Permafrost is the backbone of the Arctic. Thaw can trigger sinking or erosion that kills vegetation & makes ground dangerous for travel. The loss of frozen ground means the loss of stability. Travel routes, hunting grounds, animal migration - all unreliable w/ thaw. 2/ Panorama of permafrost thaw in northwestern Canada showing s
Reason #3. If permafrost is the backbone, rivers are the arteries of the Arctic. As permafrost (frozen ground) thaws, rivers are changing in shape, temperature, nutrients, & types of fish. New obstacles threaten boating routes. Water is life. 3/ Photograph of a thaw slump eroding sediment and soil into th
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