I read 28 books in 2021.

a 🧵 recapping all of them.
1/ This little book is jam-packed with insights about money.

2/ In fact, the learnings from the book resulted in probably my most popular thread so far.

3/ "How not to be wrong" was about subtle errors we make that result in massive biases.

The antidote is to train yourself in thinking mathematically.

4/ In the spirit of thinking clearly, the book Factfulness changed my view of the world from "things are not great" to "things are not great, but they were worse before".

5/ Then I read @Philip_Goff's Gallileo's Error.

The book inspired me to take panpsychism seriously and for most of 2021, I believed in it but now I think I have a slightly more refined view of consciousness (see next tweet).

6/ I'm now inspired by @seanmcarroll's ideas on how physical laws (that we know for sure) constrain what theories we can put forward about consciousness.

My current hypothesis is very much in line with @drmichaellevin's minimal physicalism.

read more: notes.invertedpassion.com/Consciousness/…
7/ Then upon insistence from @sia_steel (who is a lover of personal memoirs), I read Murakami's reflection on running (which is really an autobiography in disguise).

8/ This book had a few good ideas but could have been a blog post or a paper.

9/ The only graphic novel I read last year.

10/ I picked up another memoir to read (thanks again to @sia_steel).

This was @esmewang's reflection on what it is to live with schizophrenia. Beautiful writing.

11/ Esme's book inspired me to reach out to @BasicMorality for my podcast.

We talked about how psychedelics hold promise to treat schizophrenia.

12/ This book was perhaps the most insightful book I've ever read on consciousness.

Highly recommended.

13/ The book above is hard to get, so the next best thing you can do is to listen to my conversation with the author.

14/ What better topic to pick after consciousness than how the universe will end :)

TLDR: according to the laws of physics, there are five possible futures of the universe but in all of them, life of any sort is impossible.

15/ After hearing a lot of buzz about Jeff Hawkins' new book on AI, I picked it up.

It certainly impacted the way I thought about the brain and convinced me that neocortex is a general-purpose substrate, which means human-level AI shouldn't be hard.

16/ Here's a comprehensive review of the book and insights in it (not mine).

lesswrong.com/posts/ixZLTmFf…
17/ Then I read about the biology of cancer and why we haven't won the battle against it.

The lesson I remember is that cancer prevention is the way to beat cancer. By the time, it comes to treatment, it's already too late.

18/ @tobyordoxford's book classified different types of existential risks facing humanities and rough odds of them happening.

If we prepare against existential risks, we will spread the light of life, culture, and knowledge throughout the universe.

19/ What is the key to healthy eating?

"eat food, mostly plants, not too much"

20/ Oh my, what I book!

Introduced me to the fascinating and highly underappreciated world of fungi.

(so much so that I decided to grow them on my own!)

21/ A 10-page book on pain (which I'm not sure qualifies as a book, but whatever!)

22/ Another book from 2021 that changed my worldview completely.

I no longer believe people have subconscious or any mental depth. We're bags of reactions to our circumstances.

I made a 50+ part thread on the book:
23/ After learning about the hidden world of fungi, I wanted to explore more hidden worlds.

So, I picked up a book on microbes that live within us.

24/ In 2021, I started finding pop physics a bit unsatisfying.

Yes, an electron is both wave and a particle but what exactly does it mean?

So, I decided to jump into math and read an introductory textbook.

25/ I have a much better intuition of quantum theory now.

If you want a digest of all my explorations, I wrote a note demystifying quantum mechanics.

notes.invertedpassion.com/Universe/Demys…
26/ Is meritocracy good?

This book takes the controversial stance of it being used to justify injustice.

A refreshing, heretical view indeed.

27/ Then I read a book on (the much-hyped) constructor theory.

Some say it's a new way of doing science, but I still haven't gotten the novelty or benefit of it.

28/ @carlorovelli is a masterful physics writer.

He imbues physics with his Italian love of life.

29/ Continuing my journey into physics, I was craving to learn what physicists working at the very edge of our knowledge have to say.

So, I found this book where Nima is interviewed.

Full of insights about how to look at the world:

30/ By the way, I can't recommend highly enough the documentary "Particle Fever" which is about the discovery of Higgs Boson and also includes interviews by Nima.

Here's the movie on Youtube:
31/ Taking a break from physics, I explored a topic in mathematics that is always getting hyped up on Hacker News: category theory.

32/ Was disappointed by category theory (not because it's not fun, but I realized mathematics is like solving abstract puzzles and I very much like mysteries of the real world).

So, I picked up a famous book on cosmology.

Thread with my notes:
33/ Next, I dived into the standard model of particle physics.

The book made me realize that there's an unfulfilled gap between pop-science books and graduate-level science textbooks.

34/ I summarized my understanding of the standard model of particle physics here:

notes.invertedpassion.com/Universe/Demys…
35/ Back to biology.

I followed my exploration into the world of fungi and microbes with ants.

36/ Finally, I rounded up the year by reading a book by the great scientist Steven Weinberg who died in 2021 at the age of 88 and was contributing professionally until a few months before his death.

He's such a big inspiration!

37/ Barring a few, most books I read were excellent.

But if I were to pick my top 3, they would be:

• Inner Presence (book on consciousness)
• The Entangled Web (book on fungi)
• The Mind is Flat (book on mind)
38/ That's it!

Hope you liked the recap.

Which book(s) did you enjoy reading in 2021?
Correction: the book name is “Entangled Life”, not “Entangled Web”.

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More from @paraschopra

22 Dec 21
The world record for brain-computer interface for typing is 18 words per minute.

In contrast, eye tracking based typing averages around 20-25 words per minute.

This is a good lesson for why cool technology alone cannot win if there are cheaper, low tech alternatives available.
Source for the BCI typing record: the-scientist.com/news-opinion/b…
Typing demo for eye-tracking based systems.

Read 6 tweets
21 Dec 21
Consumers hate getting sold to, companies love it.

a 🧵
1/ Many failed B2C products might have worked out if consumers had the patience to understand what the product might do for them.
2/ But consumers are impatient and if the value is not delivered immediately and continuously, they stop engaging and abandon the product that could have been valuable later.

invertedpassion.com/marketing-need…
Read 14 tweets
21 Dec 21
Studied history of three different brain implants for medical uses (Neuropace, Second Sight, and Stentrode).

The average time from conception to selling the product is 16 years!

Half of this time is R&D and the other half FDA-required clinical trials.
Even after FDA approval, the use of these devices is legally restricted by FDA to people suffering from extreme cases of diseases.

For example, the company that makes this artificial retina (Second Sight) estimated their approved market to be (just) 1500 people in the US.
With 16 years to launch and target market of 1500 people, no wonder this artificial retina costed $150,000.

Unfortunately, they stopped developing this because it wasn't financially attractive.
Read 7 tweets
13 Dec 21
Notes from the #book "Dreams of a final theory" by Steven Weinberg, who won the Nobel Prize in physics in 1979 for unifying electromagnetism and weak nuclear force.

a 🧵
1/ First, a brief on Steven Weinberg.

What amazed me was that he kept working as a professional scientist until the very end.

His last paper uploaded on Arxiv was in Jan 2021 and he passed away in July 2021 at the age of 88.

Huge respect!

arxiv.org/abs/2101.04241
2/ I came across this book as a recommendation by Nima Arkani-Hamed who said this is the book on physics that he would gift to everyone if he could.

My notes from Nima's interview are here:

Read 27 tweets
30 Nov 21
🎉 Announcing October winners of Gaur and Chopra Escape Velocity grants.

We're awarding 6 people under 25 years of age, a sum of Rs 50,000 each.

Their profiles in this 🧵
1/ 🏫 Apoorva is a material science aspirant and wants to pursue a PhD in it.

She will use this money to pay for applications to institutes.

She has an impressive track record: apoorvapjoshi.com
2/ 🏸 Jaspreet is a state-level badminton player who will use the money to advance her Masters' level education.

Unfortunately, her parents passed away and she depends on her grandparents so this money will really make a difference to them.
Read 9 tweets
29 Nov 21
Your product’s price determines your business playbook

a 🧵
1/ The price of products determines all other components of the business.

This happens because price influences the number and type of available customers in the market (higher the price, lower the number of customers and the corresponding premium positioning that’s required).
2/ This in turn determines:

• the distribution channels you need to tap in order to reach the target market,
• cost of customer acquisition,
• cost and nature of sales and service process, and

all that in turn determines the organizational structure.
Read 15 tweets

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