🧵"Psychoplastogens" = drugs that rapidly induce physical changes in the brain (neuroplasticity).

Examples: ketamine, psilocybin, LSD, DMT, MDMA.

Neuroscientists can literally watch new connections sprout overnight, as in the example below.

Movie:

1/
There are other plasticity-promoting psychoactive drugs, such as SSRIs, that are not psychoplastogens because they induce plasticity on a slower time scale (weeks).

Psychoplastogens can stimulate plasticity when exposed to neurons for <1 hour.

pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.102…

2/
I first learned about this term from the work of @DEOlsonLab.

I discussed his research with him in a recent podcast conversation, including his work on #psychedelics like ibogaine.

Listen here:

3/
I have discussed other psychoplastogens, like #psilocybin, with neuroscientists like @kwanalexc.

In that conversation, Dr. Kwan shared some fascinating microscopy videos of neurons in mice.

Watch here:

4/
I also learned about ketamine, and how it compares to traditional depression medications like SSRIs, in a conversation with @LisaMonteggia:

Listen here:

5/
To stay up-to-date on this general area of research, you can sign up for my free weekly newsletter, where I share some of the latest research and provide tools so you can freely access this information:

mindandmatter.substack.com

6/6

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More from @trikomes

Jul 7, 2021
#ScienceBreakdown:

"The Phytochemical Diversity of Commercial #Cannabis in the United States."

This is a preprint for a study I recently completed with collaborators at @CUSystem: @bkeegan, @cannagenomics.

Descriptive summary of the study below.

biorxiv.org/content/10.110…

1/
Some questions we asked:

How diverse is #cannabis in the US in terms of cannabinoid + terpene content?

Are similar or distinct chemical phenotypes (chemotypes) seen across US states?

What are the most common chemotypes we reliably see and about how many are there?

...

2/
Do industry labelling systems align w/ underlying chemistry? Any systematic difference, above chance levels, for samples labelled Indica vs. Sativa?

How about strain names? Are any reliably associated w/ certain chemotypes or are they random w/ respect to product chemistry?

3/
Read 42 tweets
Dec 14, 2020
#ScienceBreakdown: A group of scientists (@DEOlsonLab) created an ibogaine analog lacking nasty properties of ibogaine but retaining desirable ones. It is also claimed to be non-hallucinogenic.

Background and dissection of study below.

Full study: sci-hub.st/https://www.na…

1/ Image
Background:

Ibogaine is an alkaloid found in iboga, a shrub from West Africa. It's a dissociative psychedelic and can induce intense hallucinations that last for many hours.

Prelim evidence suggests it may help treat addiction, but it can also have serious side-effects.

2/ Image
You obviously don't want a drug to have severe side-effects, and ibogaine has some, including cardiotoxicity (heart damage).

There's also a push in the psychedelic drug space to develop psychedelic analogs that retain therapeutic properties but don't induce hallucinations.

3/
Read 25 tweets
Aug 5, 2020
#ScienceBreakdown: Is DMT produced by the pineal gland in the mammalian brain?

I often see this claim on the internet and am surprised how often I'm asked about it. Below, a breakdown of a 2019 study in (mostly) rats looking at this.

1/n

#psychedelics

nature.com/articles/s4159…
For those that don't know, DMT is arguably the most powerful hallucinogen. It's typically smoked/vaporized. Subjective effects are intense but short-acting (minutes). The peak minutes produce a completely transformed experience, utterly alien compared to normal consciousness.

2/ Image
First, some background on the science:

#DMT has been detected in mammalian tissues before. Usually this has been outside the brain, in very small amounts, making it questionable whether it's physiologically relevant or just a metabolic byproduct.

3/ Image
Read 14 tweets
Jul 12, 2020
#ScienceBreakdown: "Administration of THC Post-Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Exposure Protects Mice From Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome."

Full study here: frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…

Breakdown of the study in this thread.

#cannabis

1/
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) = deadly condition where lungs get super inflamed b/c immune system responds too strongly. This leads to lots of collateral damage to throughout the body.

Mortality rate in humans = 38.5%. No current drugs exist that help very much.

2/
ARDS can be induced by "super antigens," e.g. bacterial proteins like SEB that cause immune system to go haywire. If you expose mice to SEB, 100% die within ~one week.

Basic question: can death from ARDS be prevented by an immunosuppressive like THC?

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superanti…

3/
Read 17 tweets
Jun 18, 2020
Getting questions about recent @Forbes article. Article makes good points + gives good advice, but also makes erroneous claims based on misreading recent #cannabis research. Basic claims of article + breakdown of the new study in this thread. 1/

forbes.com/sites/chrisrob…
Many #cannabis consumers buy weed based on THC level, trying to get the most THC for their $. High THC weed sells faster. Article says that buying weed based just on THC is a bad idea. There's more to quality than just THC %. I agree with this, but the article goes further... 2/
The article is making the further claim that THC content is a poor indicator of #cannabis potency, and that weed with higher THC levels will *not* get you more high.

Wait? So if you consume flower with 18% THC, it will get you just as high as a concentrate with 80%?

Well.. 3/ Image
Read 23 tweets
May 23, 2020
1/n, Several people asked me about this headline, on a recent preprint claiming that #cannabis extracts high in #CBD have, "the potential of reducing [#coronavirus] infection by 70 to 80 percent.” Quite a claim. Let's briefly look at the study... Image
2/n, Remember, this a preprint, so hasn't been peer-reviewed and people are rushing to get #COVIDー19 related studies out ASAP. Let's briefly look at what they did and some results. Are the experiments/results compelling, or is this an absurd rush job (place your bets now!) ...
3/n, Basically, what they did was take cultures of human-derived cells (e.g. oral epithelial cells), put #cannabis extracts onto them, and ask if transcript (mRNA) or protein levels of ACE2 were impacted. ACE2 is an important protein #coronavirus uses to infect cells.
Read 10 tweets

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