Over the past 40 years or so, the face of dictatorship has changed a great deal. Could Britain's increasingly antidemocratic & authoritarian Government mean Britain could be joining the likes of Hungary, Turkey & Rwanda in becoming an autocracy?
The most notorious tyrants of the 20th century, including Hitler, Stalin, Mao Zedong & Idi Amin, ruled by means of mass violence, cults of personality, rigid ideological conformity, all-encompassing censorship & the exclusion of unwelcome foreign influences from their countries.
Many of today’s strongmen are different. They use violence sparingly. Full censorship & international isolation is common. Instead they work hard at faking democracy, packing the judiciary with supporters, controlling regulatory bodies & manipulating the media & public opinion.
They are, in short, what Sergei Guriev and Daniel Treisman call “spin dictators”.
In their perceptive, well-researched and entertaining book, Guriev & Treisman, write: “The essence of spin dictatorship is to conceal autocracy within formally democratic institutions.”
The authors are careful to point out that not every contemporary autocrat conforms to their model of “dictatorship lite”. They mention, for example, Syria's Bashar al-Assad & North Korea's Kim Jong Un.
The book was completed before Putin invaded Ukraine, but he features in it.
Putin’s turn to hard-edged repression can be traced back to the pro-democracy demonstrations that erupted in Russian cities in 2011-12 in protest at rigged elections. Before that, the clothes of a spin dictator fitted the ex-KGB officer quite comfortably.
Guriev and Treisman quote Sergei Markov, a former Putin adviser: “Those problems that can be solved democratically are solved democratically. Those problems that cannot . . . are resolved by other means.”
'Spin Dictators' develops themes outlined in excellent recent studies such as Archie Brown’s 'The Myth of the Strong Leader', Paul Hollander’s 'From Benito Mussolini to Hugo Chávez: Intellectuals & a Century of Political Hero Worship', & Frank Dikötter’s 'How to Be a Dictator'.
Guriev & Treisman pay close attention to Chávez, but their wide-ranging survey extends to Lee Kuan Yew, Singapore’s late leader (in their view, the original spin dictator) as well as to Hungary’s Viktor Orbán, Kazakhstan’s former president Nursultan Nazarbayev, & to Putin.
Kazakhstan's human rights situation under Nazarbayev is uniformly described as poor by independent observers. Human Rights Watch says that "Kazakhstan heavily restricts freedom of assembly, speech, and religion."
In 2014, the Kazakhstan authorities closed newspapers, jailed or fined dozens of people after peaceful but unsanctioned protests, & fined or detained worshippers for practicing religion outside state controls.
In 2014, Kazakhstan adopted new criminal & administrative codes, & a new law on trade unions, which contain articles restricting fundamental freedoms & are incompatible with international standards. Kazakhstan is ranked 161 out of 180 countries on the World Press Freedom Index,
Boris Johnson's "friend" Viktor Orbán, rules Hungary, which suffers endemic corruption, repression of sexual minorities, de facto state control of media, constitutional manipulation & an electoral system designed to give supermajorities whether the votes are there or not.
Hungary is a showcase for how a reactionary movement in an ostensibly free society seizes control of the state to reshape society in its own image. The goal is the suppression of ALL progressive ideas - what the Right calls 'wokeness'.
Similarly, the British Government's new favourite country - #Rwanda - was in 2020 ranked by the independent Sweden-based 'Varieties of Democracy Institute', 150th out of 179 countries on its Index of Liberal Democracy - it's clearly #authoritarian.
To manage their image abroad, authoritarian states like #Rwanda try to advance a favourable narrative about themselves.
They do things like hire PR firms to produce positive content, disseminate #propaganda, & cultivate friendly foreigners who can speak on their behalf. 😬
This article by Alexander Dukalskis, an expert on authoritarian states & international human rights, is about the multiple ways that authoritarian states – countries where the leadership maintains power by non-democratic means – manage their image abroad. theconversation.com/how-authoritar…
What can be done about spin dictators?
“Western Governments & businesses have too often enabled spin dictators to flourish. “Without the help of armies of western lawyers, bankers, lobbyists & other elite fixers, autocrats would have a harder time exploiting the west.”
Beyond that, what matters is “the active resistance of the informed” — people living in autocracies who have higher education, good communication skills & international connections - but which the vast majority of the UK & western press & news media only very rarely mention.
They can document abuses, organise protest movements and alert world opinion. “Without the actions of such people, a well-written constitution cannot help much.”
Of course, the more a spin dictator resorts to overt repression, the more dangerous such resistance becomes.
Guriev & Treisman make the case that in autocracies with relatively advanced economies & educated societies, there is reason to hope democratic change will come one day.
Oddly, Guriev & Treisman’s book makes no mention of Modi's India & only briefly mentions Erdoğan's Turkey.
Like Putin, Johnson's friend & trading partner Erdoğan may no longer qualify as a mere spin dictator, for his methods & style of rule have acquired ever more authoritarian features, including a militarised foreign policy, the longer he has stayed in power. gov.uk/government/new…
This became especially obvious after the attempted coup of July 2016, which Bechev calls “a true life-or-death moment” when Erdoğan seized to punish many thousands of critics, real or imagined, & “achieve a quasi-monarchical status”. Yet familiar warning signs were already there.
One key moment came in a 2008 constitutional court ruling that came close to shutting down Erdoğan’s Justice & Development Party for violating the Turkish state’s secular principles. The AKP exploited this episode to launch a wholesale attack on the independence of the judiciary.
Crucially, Turkish leftists & liberals raised few objections because they sympathised with Erdoğan’s then relatively progressive policies on seeking EU membership, addressing Kurdish minority rights & standing up to the Kemalist establishment that had held sway since the 1920s.
Over time, the appeal of Spin Dictators like Turkey's Erdoğan, Hungary's Orban, Brazil's Bolsanaro, Rwanda's Paul Kagame, Trump & increasingly Boris Johnson - who all foreground nationalism - may fade as people grow weary of restrictions on civil liberties in the name of freedom.
Add a #CostOfLivingCrisis, food shortages, spiralling inflation, loss of confidence in the political system & you have a potentially very dangerous conjuncture, which really could go either way: either more democracy & accountability; or more repression.
Andrew Neil criticises others for making 'Nazi analogies', but here he is, referring to an article in the Mail, amplified by Toby Young, suggesting a proposed boycott by a 'Pro-Palestine group' of venues showing #eurovision24 is "straight out of the early Nazi playbook".
The 'early Nazi playbook' involves propaganda, which like contemporary political & media propaganda works primarily not by lies, but rather by selective representation of information, distortion, fearmongering, demonisation of minority groups & misleading partisan misinformation.
The Mail's claim, amplified by Young & compared to "the early Nazi playbook" by Neil is 'Venues across the country have been forced to close their doors as they fear for their staff's safety after Pro-Palestine groups instructed their followers to hound pubs showing the contest'.
Divisive far-right extremist grifter Steve Laws is dangerous: he has a long & well documented history of using racist & Islamophobic rhetoric, harassing people, & trying to get decent people sacked. Laws' hateful rhetoric was even too toxic for Richard Tice's Reform UK.
Former UKIP candidate & far-right extremist Laws is a prominent so-called 'migrant hunter' who gets off on filming boats arriving in Dover. He constantly uses grotesque 1930s-style dehumanising rhetoric, & pushes the “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory.
For decades, Big Tobacco cast doubt on the link between cancer & smoking. Today, doubts about climate science is fuelled by misinformation spread by politicians, news media & think tanks, invariably funded by those who benefit from fossil fuels.
The phrase "the spawn of communism" derives from early twentieth century US #nativism - the political strategy of promoting the interests of "native-born" inhabitants over those of immigrants.
But where does it come from, & what might it tell us about Jacob Rees-Mogg?
This thread is about how nativist ideology gave rise to the first US 'Red Scare', & how, long before TalkRadio or Fox & GB "News" existed, populist Christian broadcaster 'Father' Coughlin stoked the fears & prejudices of millions of his listeners using divisive nativist rhetoric.
The phrase "spawn of Communism" is now used by 'anti-woke' alt- & far-right nativists to describe everything from Democrats & socialists, through LGBTQ+ rights, CRT, & feminism, to 'identity politics' & 'environmentalism' - anyone, or anything, perceived by them to pose a threat.
GB "News"/TalkTV regular, Chair of the National Jewish Assembly & JC columnist, Gary Mond, liked posts by far-right extremist Pamela Geller (banned from entering the UK) & posted on FB in reference to Muslims “all [of] civilisation… is at war with these evil bastards”.
In January 2022, it was reported that then Board of Deputies Senior VP Gary Mond had been asked to “step down from his duties” while an investigation took place.
Evidence appeared to show Mond had liked two posts made by Geller in 2017, during his 6-yr stint sitting on the Board’s Defence Division, including one saying France was “finished” after voters picked current President Emmanuel Macron over far-right challenger Marine Le Pen.
Tory donor Bassim Haidar is the latest multimillionaire to say he'll leave the UK to avoid paying £millions in tax following plans to scrap the “non-dom” regime, which has allowed him & 68,800 other non-doms to avoid paying UK tax on overseas income for 225 years.
Haidar, who owns “more than 10 properties” in central London, including a £20 MILLION flat near Sloane Square, "gave" the @Conservatives £450,000 last year - including £10,000 worth of advertising to Lee Anderson in November, who promptly joined Reform UK. search.electoralcommission.org.uk/?currentPage=2…
For decades the UK news media, owned by fellow non-dom billionaires, regularly run stories warning how 'superrich wealth creators' will leave Britain.
It's a bold & often-made claim, but is there any truth in it? Will many - or indeed any - of our 68,800 non-doms leave Britain?